Sodium reduction of fatty acid esters

Hansley, V. L.

doi:10.1021/ie50445a022

Cited by 59 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…No unreacted wax esters were detectable (by gas chromatography) in the ethanolysis product, the recovery of which was 96.3% of theory. The slight shift in composition from unsaturated to saturated alcohols, when contrasted with the acids, indicates the extent of ethylenic bond reduction that occurred in the fatty acids during sodium reduction (20) of the glyceride linkages in Lunaria oil. This partial reduction was not detected during our earlier investigation (17) because of limited resolution by the GLC columns.…”

Section: Annua Synthetic Wax Ester Modelmentioning

confidence: 98%

Jojoba oil wax esters and derived fatty acids and alcohols: Gas chromatographic analyses

Miwa¹

1971

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

186

101

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HCl-cata]yzed ethanolysis followed by saponification readily surmounts the resistance of long chain wax esters to direct hydrolysis by alkali. Additionally, choosing ethyl instead of methyl esters allows baseline separations between long-chain alcohols and corresponding esters in gas liquid chromatographic (GLC) analysis of total alcohol and acid components before saponification. Liquid wax esters were analyzed on a temperature-programmed 3% OV-1 silicone column. Geographical and genetic effects on the variability of jojoba oil composition were investigated with five different seed samples. Major constituents in jojoba seed oil from shrubs in the Arizona deserts, as indicated by GLC analyses of oil, ethanolysis product, isolated fatty alcohols and methyl esters of isolated fatty acids, were C40 wax ester 30%, C42 wax ester 50% and C44 wax ester 10%; octadecenoic acid 6%; eicosenoic acid 35%, docosenoic acid 7%, eicosenol 22%, docosenol 21% and tetracosenol 4%. Oil from smaller leaved prostrate plants growing along California's oceanside showed a slight tendency toward higher molecular size than oils from the California desert and Arizona specimens. The wax esters are made up of a disproportionately large amount of docosenyl eicosenoate and are not a random combination of constituent acids and alcohols. Lunaria annua synthetic wax ester oil was used as a model for evaluating the analytical procedures.

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Section: Annua Synthetic Wax Ester Modelmentioning

confidence: 98%

Jojoba oil wax esters and derived fatty acids and alcohols: Gas chromatographic analyses

Miwa¹

1971

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

186

101

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“…Another method for the synthesis of 3 (starting from 1) is the use of copper chromite catalysts at 180-260 7C [64]. Quantitative reduction of ricinoleic acid methyl ester to the corresponding fatty alcohol 4 is feasible by reduction with sodium in the presence of secondary alcohols [65]. Furthermore, high-pressure hydrogenation in the presence of copper/cadmium (3 : 1) catalysts can be employed for the synthesis of 4 [66].…”

Section: Hydrogenation Of Castor Oilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Castor oil as a renewable resource for the chemical industry

Mutlu

Meier

2010

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

638

492

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Castor oil is, as many other plant oils, a very valuable renewable resource for the chemical industry. This review article provides an overview on this specialty oil, covering its production and properties. More importantly, the preparation, properties and major application possibilities of chemical derivatives of castor oil are highlighted. Our discussion focuses on application possibilities of castor oil and its derivatives for the synthesis of renewable monomers and polymers. An overview of recent developments in this field is provided and selected examples are discussed in detail, including the preparation and characterization of castor oil-derived polyurethanes, polyesters and polyamides.

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“…Undecenol, undecanol, phenylundecanol, and 11methoxyundeeanol were obtained in good yields by the sodium reduction of methyl esters of their corresponding acids (13).…”

Section: Experimental Section Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymerizable monomers from castor oil. I. Vinyl monomers based on undecenoic acid

Kulkarni

Krishnamurti

Chatterjee

et al. 1968

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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Thirty-four different vinyl monomers have been synthesized, based on 10-undecenoic acid, pyrolysis product of castor oil, in 50 to 100-g lots in high purity. These include allyl ethers and esters, vinyl ethers and esters, and acrylic and methacrylic esters, all of which were characterized by their infrared spectra; purity was checked by chromatographic methods. Boiling points, refractive indices, and iodine values of the products have been reported.

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Sodium reduction of fatty acid esters

Cited by 59 publications

References 6 publications

Jojoba oil wax esters and derived fatty acids and alcohols: Gas chromatographic analyses

Jojoba oil wax esters and derived fatty acids and alcohols: Gas chromatographic analyses

Castor oil as a renewable resource for the chemical industry

Polymerizable monomers from castor oil. I. Vinyl monomers based on undecenoic acid

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