Sodium fluoride and chlorhexidine effect in the inhibition of mutans streptococci in children with dental caries: a randomized, double‐blind clinical trial

Lobo, Patrícia Leal Dantas; Carvalho, Cibele Barreto Mano de; Fonseca, Said Gonçalves da Cruz; Castro, Rd; Monteiro, André Jalles; Fonteles, M. C.; Fonteles, Cristiane Sá Roriz

doi:10.1111/j.1399-302x.2008.00458.x

Cited by 32 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Sodium fluoride is nontoxic to various oral cells and does not impact oral microbiota viability [38–40]. This is in line with our experiments that sodium fluoride was noncytotoxic and that bacterial growth remained unaffected.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Cytotoxicity and Antimicrobial Activity of Oral Rinses In Vitro

Müller

Eick

Moritz

et al. 2017

BioMed Research International

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While oral rinses used for cosmetic purposes only do not necessarily have to be antiseptic, antimicrobial activity is required for medical indications, including oral and periodontal surgery. So the question arises—is the antimicrobial activity of oral rinses associated with any destructive changes in cell viability in vitro? To answer this question, we examined twelve oral rinses with respect to their antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity. Antimicrobial activity was screened against five bacterial strains using disc diffusion. Cytotoxicity was determined by mitochondrial reductase activity with primary gingival fibroblasts, L929 cells, and HSC-2 epithelial cells. Phase contrast microscopy and trypan blue staining were then performed to reveal cell morphology. Cells remained vital after exposure to oral rinses that were only used for cosmetic purposes. Moderate cytotoxic effects were observed for oral rinses containing 0.05% chlorhexidine, ethanol, or pegylated hydrogenated castor oil and sodium dodecyl sulfate. Other oral rinses containing 0.2% chlorhexidine and cocamidopropyl betaine exhibited strong cytotoxic and antimicrobial activity. Strong cytotoxic but moderate antimicrobial activity was observed in oral rinses containing cetylpyridinium chloride. The in vitro data show that oral rinses are heterogeneous with respect to their cytotoxic and antimicrobial effects. Based on their respective properties, oral rinses can be selected either to reduce the microbial load or for cosmetic purposes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Cytotoxicity and Antimicrobial Activity of Oral Rinses In Vitro

Müller

Eick

Moritz

et al. 2017

BioMed Research International

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“…27 As the purpose of the study is to propose a substance that is effective in halting the ECC, the tested solution (NaF-CHX) was formulated starting from compounds in its purest form available on the market, without adding any other substance. Under the test condition, our results are similar to those found in the literature, proving its effectiveness in reducing the number of S. mutans 28,29 on L. acidophilus 30 and on E. Faecalis.…”

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confidence: 88%

Antimicrobial activity of ozone and NaF-chlorhexidine on early childhood caries

et al. 2017

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An early childhood carie (ECC) is an extremely destructive form of tooth decay. The aim of this study was to investigate the action of ozone (O 3 ), and the association of sodium fluoride (NaF) with chlorhexidine (CHX) on bacteria related to ECC. Overnight culture of the bacteria was performed. On exponential phase the suspension was adjusted (10 1 -10 8 CFU/mL). A drop (10μL) of each concentration of bacteria was applied on sheep blood agar plates and treated with O 3 (2, 20, 200, and 2,000 ppm); after 18 hours, recovery analysis of CFU verified the reduction of bacterial activity. For NaF-CHX, sterile 96-well plates were prepared and divided into groups: G1 (150 µL TSB); G2 (20 µL of bacteria + 25 µL CHX + 25 µL NaF); and G3 (150 µL TSB + 20 µL of bacteria + 50 µL water). The plates were verified by analysis of the optical density (0, 12, 14, 16, and 18 hours). The data from O 3 test were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey's test (p < 0.05). For the data from NaF-CHX, the ANOVA 2-way and Bonferroni's test (p < 0.05) were used. The number of CFU/mL showed death > 3log10 (99.9%) for all bacteria (ozone ≥ 20ppm), while the combination of NaF-CHX was more effective (p < 0.001) compared to each substance tested alone and the control group. The antimicrobial agents tested were able to inhibit all bacteria tested; O 3 seemed to be a good alternative for controlling progression of carious lesions, while the association of NaF-CHX showed to be a good antimicrobial with easy and inexpensive application.

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“…Among the antiseptics for oral use, chlorhexidine is one of the most powerful and most studied antimicrobial agents. [4][5][6] Orthodontic movement comes from the application of force on a dental unit by means of accessories, such as brackets, springs, bands, wires, and elastics. 7,8 Elastic devices are important sources for transmission of force to teeth but are not considered ideal because the force they generate diminishes as a function of the time of activation, oral medium, and other factors related to diet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does chlorhexidine in different formulations interfere with the force of orthodontic elastics?

Pithon

Santana

Sousa

et al. 2012

The Angle Orthodontist

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Objective: To evaluate the effects of different concentrations of chlorhexidine on the decline in force of orthodontic elastics. Materials and Methods: In a laboratory study, five groups of samples were tested, with one control group represented by distilled water (group 1) and four experimental groups: 0.12% manipulated chlorhexidine (group 2), 0.2% manipulated chlorhexidine (group 3), 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate-based oral solution (0.12% Periogard; group 4), and 0.2% Cleanform mouthwash (formula and action; group 5). The test groups were submersed in artificial saliva at 37uC. Templates were used and submerged in the chlorhexidine solutions for 30 seconds twice a day. Force was measured with a digital dynamometer at six different time intervals: 0, 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. Results: No statistical differences were found among the groups in the initial period, at 24 hours, and at 7 days (P . .05). There were statistical differences between groups 2 and 5 at 14 days of the experiment and between group 1 and the others at 28 days. In the initial period, the force was statistically higher than it was at any of the other periods of the experiment (P , .05). Conclusion: In the present study, chlorhexidine showed no significant influence on the force degradation of the chain elastics tested. (Angle Orthod. 2013;83:313-318.)

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Sodium fluoride and chlorhexidine effect in the inhibition of mutans streptococci in children with dental caries: a randomized, double‐blind clinical trial

Cited by 32 publications

References 32 publications

Cytotoxicity and Antimicrobial Activity of Oral Rinses In Vitro

Cytotoxicity and Antimicrobial Activity of Oral Rinses In Vitro

Antimicrobial activity of ozone and NaF-chlorhexidine on early childhood caries

Does chlorhexidine in different formulations interfere with the force of orthodontic elastics?

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