Sodium and Chloride Requirements of Young Broiler Chickens Fed Corn-Soybean Diets (One to Twenty-One Days of Age)

Oviedo-Rondón, E. O.; Murakami, Alice Eiko; Furlan, Antônio Cláudio; Moreira, Ivan; Macari, Marcos

doi:10.1093/ps/80.5.592

Cited by 67 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Included in the model were Na, P, Ca, and K content, where increased excretion of Na, P, and Ca resulted in greater moisture excretion whereas increased K excretion resulted in lower excreta moisture. The greater excreta moisture or litter wetness scores with elevated dietary Na has been found by various authors (Murakami et al, 1997;Smith et al, 2000;Oviedo-Rondón et al, 2001;Borges et al, 2003b;Jankowski et al, 2011). This finding is related to a linear increase in water intake with increasing dietary Na levels (Smith et al, 2000;Ahmad et al, 2009) or increased osmolality of the digesta, which prevents water reabsorption in the hindgut.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Moisture content in broiler excreta is influenced by excreta nutrient contents1

Hoeven-Hangoor

Paton

Linde

et al. 2013

Journal of Animal Science

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High litter moisture content, often referred to as wet litter, is a major problem in poultry production. Wet litter is often related to poor management, diseases, and digestive problems. In this experiment, the objective was to study the relationship between nutrient content and the moisture content of the excreta of broilers. A dataset containing 351 observations was built and contained the nutrient contents data including moisture content of excreta samples collected in 8 different broiler feeding trials. A biological based model approach was used to create a model with 10 and another one with 14 variables that may explain the excreta moisture level response. Subsequently, these models were compared with a statistical model that was built automatically and adjusted only if this improved the biological model. The R 2 of the 10 variable model was 0.54, in which Zn content and the interaction of NDF × K and Ca × P content were negatively associated with excreta moisture. Sodium, P, and Ca content and the interaction between content of NDF × Na were positively associated with excreta moisture. The R 2 of the 14 variable model was 0.58, in which Zn and K content and the interaction of NDF × protein and Ca × P content were negatively associated with excreta moisture, and Na, protein, P, and Ca content and the interactions in contents of NDF × Na, NDF × Zn, and K × Cu were positively associated with excreta moisture content. In conclusion, the models confirmed the effect of Na, protein, P, and Ca on excreta moisture content. Furthermore, hitherto unknown nutrient interactions that contribute to excreta moisture level were identified. As excreta levels of most nutrients can be manipulated by adjusting dietary nutrient levels, dietary formulation can be adjusted with the findings of this analysis to change levels of excreted nutrients and, consequently, also moisture output.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Moisture content in broiler excreta is influenced by excreta nutrient contents1

Hoeven-Hangoor

Paton

Linde

et al. 2013

Journal of Animal Science

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“…Borges et al (1999) reported growing rate depression in chicks between 1 and 7 days old as a result of high values of As shown in Table 4, no significant (p>0.05) differences were observed among treatments for feed intake. However, Oviedo-Rondon et al (2001) observed feed intake reduction in response to dietary increase of the Mongin number obtained by chloride addition. Figure 1 shows the quadratic effect of DEB on the F:G ratio of females (p<0.05) in the starting phase, whereas a linear effect was seen for male birds.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Performance of broilers fed diets with different dietary electrolyte balance under summer conditions

Borgatti

Albuquerque

Meister³

et al. 2004

Rev. Bras. Cienc. Avic.

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The aim of this study was to compare performance and carcass characteristics of broilers fed diets with different Dietary Electrolyte balances (DEB) during the summer season. A total of 1,280 one-day-old Ross sexed chicks were distributed in 32 experimental units according to a randomized block design in a 4x2 factorial arrangement (4 levels and 2 sexes) and 4 replicates per treatment (40 birds per replicate). Feed program consisted of 3 phases (1-21, 22-42, 43-49 days of age). Experimental diets were formulated based on corn and soybean meal and adjusted to 210, 250, 290 and 330 mEq/kg of Na + K -Cl through the addition of sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate and ammonium chloride. Weekly measurements of body weight gain and feed intake were done, and at 49 days, birds were slaughtered to evaluate the dressing percentage and parts yield. Weight gain during the starter phase increased linearly (p<0.01) as DEB increased. Different DEB levels did not affect feed intake or mortality. Carcass characteristics were not affected by treatments. Dietary electrolytic balance influenced weight gain and feed gain ratio from 1 to 21 days, and best results were observed when diets contained 290 and 330 mEq/kg.

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“…Oviedo-Rondon et al (2001) reported that, at higher levels of Na + in the diet, or given an excess of that electrolyte, Na might also increase litter moisture. In contrast, being at the lower limit of Na requirements for the diet (Na + VL), the Na levels used in our experiment did not affect the dry matter content in excreta.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of dietary potassium and sodium on performance, carcass traits, and nitrogen balance and excreta moisture in broiler chicken

Koreleski¹,

Świątkiewicz²,

Arczewska³

2010

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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The aim of the 3 × 3 factorial experiment on broilers was to investigate the effect of high dietary levels of potassium (K) and different levels of sodium (Na) on chicken performance, carcass traits, dry matter content in excreta and nitrogen balance. Three hundred and sixty one-day-old Ross 308 chickens were allocated to 9 groups, in 5 replicates of 8 (4♂ and 4♀). Chickens from 1 to 42 days old were kept in cages with wire floors to enable excreta collection, and were provided with water and feed ad libitum. The basal starter (days 1-14) and grower (days15-42) diets contained, as analysed, 1.73 g and 1.89 g·kg -1 chloride (Cl), 10.7 g and 10.8 g K and 0.69 and 0.94 g Na, respectively. Basal diets were supplemented with cations containing, as analysed, 12.2/11.8 g and 12.7/12.5 g·kg -1 K and 1.22/1.25 g and 1.68/1.61 g·kg -1 Na, for the starter/grower periods of feeding, respectively. The molar proportion of Na:K in diets used in the experiment ranged from 0.09 to 0.27 in the starter diet and from 0.13 to 0.25 in the grower/finisher diet; the dietary electrolyte balance (DEB) values varied between 255 to 349 and 264 to 336, respectively.During the starter feeding period, body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the chickens were positively affected by increasing the Na supplement. Throughout the feeding period, Na supplementation improved BWG, FI and FCR and production index values and increased carcass yield. The dry matter content of the excreta was negatively affected by the K level in the diet; the 12.7 g K dietary content, in particular, caused a higher moisture content. KORELESKI J. ET AL.The daily intake of nitrogen and nitrogen excretion grew when the dietary Na level was increased from 0.94 to 1.25 or 1.61 g·kg -1 . The proportion of N retained to N intake decreased significantly when the dietary level of Na reached 1.61 g·kg -1 , as compared to the proportion at a level of 0.94 g Na·kg -1 . Interaction between dietary Na and K levels for BWG and other indices of performance, and for nitrogen utilization, confirm a dietary reciprocal relationship for both electrolytes.

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Sodium and Chloride Requirements of Young Broiler Chickens Fed Corn-Soybean Diets (One to Twenty-One Days of Age)

Cited by 67 publications

References 21 publications

Moisture content in broiler excreta is influenced by excreta nutrient contents1

Moisture content in broiler excreta is influenced by excreta nutrient contents1

Performance of broilers fed diets with different dietary electrolyte balance under summer conditions

The effect of dietary potassium and sodium on performance, carcass traits, and nitrogen balance and excreta moisture in broiler chicken

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