Moisture content in broiler excreta is influenced by excreta nutrient contents1

Hoeven-Hangoor, E. van der; Paton, N. D.; Linde, I.B. van de; Verstegen, M.W.A.; Hendriks, W.H.

doi:10.2527/jas.2013-6573

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Wet litter, litter containing 43% to 67% moisture, contained greater bacterial abundance compared to dry litter at 10% to 25% moisture content [ 62 ]. Wet litter is linked to altered digestive function, changes in feed viscosity and protein levels, increased feed passage, and is a consequence of diarrheal diseases, including both clinical and subclinical forms of NE [ 32 , 43 , 63 , 64 ]. It is suggested that the removal of AGPs increases the likelihood of these events.…”

Section: Challenges In Nae Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens: Challenges in No Antibiotics Ever Broiler Production and Potential Solutions

et al. 2020

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United States is the largest producer and the second largest exporter of broiler meat in the world. In the US, broiler production is largely converting to antibiotic-free programs which has caused an increase in morbidity and mortality within broiler farms. Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens are two important pathogenic bacteria readily found in the broiler environment and result in annual billion-dollar losses from colibacillosis, gangrenous dermatitis, and necrotic enteritis. The broiler industry is in search of non-antibiotic alternatives including novel vaccines, prebiotics, probiotics, and housing management strategies to mitigate production losses due to these diseases. This review provides an overview of the broiler industry and antibiotic free production, current challenges, and emerging research on antibiotic alternatives to reduce pathogenic microbial presence and improve bird health.

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Section: Challenges In Nae Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens: Challenges in No Antibiotics Ever Broiler Production and Potential Solutions

et al. 2020

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“…The increase in the excreta moisture content found in the current study could be related to the reduction of protein digestibility resulting from the dietary inclusion of grape skin. Actually, Van der Hoeven-Hangoor et al (2013) found that the protein content in the excreta was positively associated with excreta moisture content in broiler chickens.…”

Section: Growth Performance Protein and Polyphenol Utilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Addition of fermented and unfermented grape skin in broilers’ diets: effect on digestion, growth performance, intestinal microbiota and oxidative stability of meat

Nardoia

Romero

Brenes

et al. 2020

Animal

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Grape skin is a source of polyphenols with antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Little information is available regarding its application in animal feeding. The present study investigated the effect of inclusion of fermented (FS) and unfermented (UFS) grape skin at two different doses (30 g/kg, FS30 and UFS30, and 60 g/kg, FS60 and UFS60) and 200 mg/kg vitamin E (α-tocopheryl acetate) in a corn–soybean diet on growth performance, ileal protein digestibility, ileal and excreta total extractable polyphenols content and digestibility, intestinal microbiota and thigh meat oxidation in broiler chickens. Growth performance was depressed in chickens fed UFS and FS diets. A reduction in ileal protein digestibility was also observed in birds fed UFS, being this effect more pronounced in those fed 60 g/kg. The dietary inclusion of grape skin increased both ileal and excreta polyphenols contents, being higher in birds fed UFS than in those fed FS. Excreta moisture content increased in birds fed UFS and FS diets. No effect of dietary inclusion of grape skin was observed on ileal counts of lactic-acid bacteria and Clostridium, but UFS inclusion in the diet reduced ileal count of Escherichia coli as compared with FS dietary inclusion. After 7 days of refrigerated storage, values of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were lower in chicken meat when grape skin was added in the diet at 60 g/kg instead of 30 g/kg, and meat from birds fed 60 g/kg of grape skin reached TBARS values similar to those of birds supplemented with vitamin E. In conclusion, high doses of grape skin polyphenols depressed growth performance and protein digestibility, and increased excreta moisture content. Unfermented grape skin contained more polyphenols than FS, and its inclusion in the diet led to higher ileal and excreta polyphenols contents and to a lower ileal count of E. coli. Furthermore, the antioxidant potential of the polyphenols present in grape skin was observed after 7 days of meat storage, with the dose of 60 g/kg of grape skin being as effective as vitamin E supplementation in maintaining oxidative stability of meat.

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“…The moisture content from fresh excreta was measured by subjecting 10 g of samples to forced air at 105 °C for 48 h and measuring the weight difference before and after drying. Excreta free water content was measured according to the procedures described by van der Hoeven-Hangoor et al. (2013) .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is important to maintain litter quality to promote bird health and welfare and to minimize odour emissions. Litter quality may deteriorate due to increased excretion of minerals by birds ( van der Hoeven-Hangoor et al., 2013 ). Phytate can bind with minerals and protein in the diet making them unavailable for digestion ( Cowieson et al., 2006 , Selle et al., 2012 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance, litter quality and gaseous odour emissions of broilers fed phytase supplemented diets

Sharma

Choct

et al. 2016

Animal Nutrition

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The effect of graded levels of phytase on performance, bone characteristics, excreta/litter quality and odorant emissions was examined using 720 Ross 308 male d-old broilers. A 2 × 4 factorial arrangement of treatments was employed with 6 replicates of 15 birds per pen. Factors were: diets-positive and negative control (PC, NC); phytase – 0, 500, 1,000, 1,500 FTU/kg. The PC was formulated to meet the 2014 Ross 308 nutrient specifications, whereas the NC was formulated with lower Ca (−1.4 g/kg), available P (−1.5 g/kg), Na (−0.3 g/kg), dLys (−0.2 g/kg) and MEn (−0.28 MJ/kg) equivalent to nutrient matrix values for 500 FTU/kg phytase in the starter, grower and finisher periods (i.e., downspec diet). On d 24, phytase decreased FCR by 1.6, 4.3 and 4.6 points at inclusion levels of 500, 1,000 and 1,500 FTU/kg, respectively (P < 0.01) across all diets. Phytase by diet interactions on BW gain were observed on d 24 and 35 (P < 0.01). The effect of phytase was much more pronounced in the NC diet as compared with the PC diet. On d 24, phytase increased BW gain by 37, 55 and 68 g in the PC and 127, 233 and 173 g in the NC at 500, 1,000 and 1,500 FTU/kg, respectively. Diet by phytase interactions were also observed for tibia ash, litter quality and water to feed intake ratio (P < 0.01) with higher phytase effect in NC as compared with PC. Neither diet nor phytase impacted excreta moisture content on d 18 or 21 (P > 0.05). Solid phase micro-extraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS) analysis of gaseous emissions on d 39 indicated no difference in the emission of alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, volatile fatty acids and phenols between treatments (P > 0.05). The results indicate that phytase has greater benefits when formulated using nutrient matrix values as compared with adding it over the top in an already nutrient sufficient diet. The later method would be expected to increase feed costs without concomitant performance benefits.

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Moisture content in broiler excreta is influenced by excreta nutrient contents1

Cited by 19 publications

References 46 publications

Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens: Challenges in No Antibiotics Ever Broiler Production and Potential Solutions

Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens: Challenges in No Antibiotics Ever Broiler Production and Potential Solutions

Addition of fermented and unfermented grape skin in broilers’ diets: effect on digestion, growth performance, intestinal microbiota and oxidative stability of meat

Performance, litter quality and gaseous odour emissions of broilers fed phytase supplemented diets

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