Socio-demographic factors associated with domestic violence in urban slums, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

Abstract

Background & objectives:Domestic violence is identified as a public heath problem. It is associated with adverse maternal health. This study examined the prevalence and determinants of domestic violence among women in urban slums of Mumbai, India.Methods:A community based cross-sectional household survey was carried out among eligible women for the study during September 2012 to January 2013. A total of 1137 currently married women aged 18-39 yr with unmet need for family planning and having at least one child were selected using cluster systematic random sampling from two urban slums. Information on socio-demographic, reproductive and domestic violence was collected through face-to-face interview using a pretested structured questionnaire after obtaining informed written consent. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were carried out to find the socio-demographic factors associated with ever experienced domestic violence among women.Results:The prevalence of women ever experiencing domestic violence in the community was 21.2 per cent. Women whose husband consumed alcohol [RR: 2.17, (95% CI: 1.58-2.98)] were significantly at an increased risk of ever experiencing domestic violence than their counterparts. Risk of domestic violence was twice [RR: 2.00, (95% CI: 1.35-2.96)] for women who justified wife beating than women who did not justify wife beating.Interpretation & conclusions:The findings showed that domestic violence was prevalent in urban slums. Factors like early marriage, working status, justified wife beating and husbands use of alcohol were significantly associated with domestic violence.

Domestic violence among married women of reproductive age in Zimbabwe: a cross sectional study

“…This is contrary to women who reside in urban areas with wider access to higher education and opportunities; and therefore less likely to experience domestic violence. This is in consonance with several studies affirming that women who reside in rural areas are more likely to experience domestic violence compared to women residing in urban areas [10,28]. However, our study contradicts these findings above as there is no significant relationship between place of residence and acts of domestic violence.…”

“…Several studies have reported that women are less educated, and pregnant with husbands who drink alcohol have higher risks to domestic violence [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Women who are less empowered, resides in rural areas and married to husbands who are from abusive homes, thus, ever experienced their father beating their mothers stands higher risks of domestic violence [10,15,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. Conversely, several literature evidenced that higher educational level for both women and men (husbands), women from wealthy families, empowered women and residing in urban areas were protective factors against domestic violence [11-13, 15, 19, 21, 25, 26].…”

"Revised conflict tactics scales" as identifiers of intimate partner violence against women: integrative review / “Revised Conflict Tactics Scales” como identificadoras da violência por parceiro íntimo contra mulheres: revisão integrativa...

“…Já no continente africano, encontrou-se que a taxa global de violência contra a mulher pelo parceiro foi de 70,2%, sendo que 55,3% sofreram algum tipo de abuso grave (16) . Os números menos alarmantes foram detectados em estudo realizado no continente asiático, no qual se constatou uma prevalência de 21,2% (26) . Estudos nacionais e internacionais fizeram uso das CTS2 para estimar a prevalência de violência por parceiro íntimo contra a mulher, e não foi relatado dificuldades para utilização da escala.…”

Slums, Space, and State of Health—A Link between Settlement Morphology and Health Data

“…In addition, there was no study on neurological diseases. With regard to injury-related illnesses, which account for 5.9% of all studies, they were almost exclusively conducted on domestic (e.g., [71,72]) or partner-related violence (e.g., [73]). Mental health problems represent 5.6% of the total studies.…”