Socially Important Infectious Diseases Posing a Biological Threat to the Population of Russia

Нечаева, О. Б.

doi:10.21292/2075-1230-2019-97-11-7-17

Cited by 32 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Taking into account the international situation, there was an increase in the proportion of the population receiving preventive examinations for TB; moreover, medical care programs were created to support TB patients, including those infected with HIV, which led to a decrease in the number of severe forms of TB among newly diagnosed patients, as well as a decrease in morbidity and mortality from the disease [ 30 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuberculosis in the Russian Federation: Dynamics of the Epidemic Indicators before and after COVID-19 Pandemic

Старшинова

Dovgalyk

Beltukov

et al. 2022

Life

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The measures taken against tuberculosis (TB) in recent years in the Russian Federation have been highly effective. Unfortunately, the COVID-19 pandemic may seriously undermine the progress that has been made in the fight against TB. The aim of this study was to assess changes in the epidemiological rates of tuberculosis in the Russian Federation before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods. The analysis was conducted by considering the main epidemiological indicators of tuberculosis, according to the federal statistics for the period from 2017 to 2021. The parameters were estimated according to the data received from 11 areas in the North-Western region. Statistical analysis was carried out using the free software computing environment R (v.3.5.1) and the commercial software package Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 24.0, IBM Corp., 2016). Research results. We found a positive correlation between the incidence among the overall population and the incidence among children aged 0–17, inclusively (r = 0.55 in 2017, r = 0.60 in 2020, and r = 0.53 in 2021). Along with the received regularities, a different trend is shown in the data analysis of general incidence and health X-ray examination for tuberculosis among the general population. The correlation has decreased threefold from 2017 (r = 0.72) to 2020 (r = 0.32); this negative trend might be the result of factors such as the quality of X-ray screening examinations among the general population, and the reduced assessment objectivity of the tuberculosis incidence rate. Conclusions. In assessing the correlation between general incidence and incidence in children under 17 years of age, as well as between incidence and mortality in the Russian Federation, a positive correlation was found with an increasing trend. Such a discrepancy might be due to decreases in the occupational health examination coverage among the general population. Therefore, in the years ahead, we can expect epidemiological indicators to increase incidence and mortality, including child mortality, associated with the insufficient detection of tuberculosis among the population during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuberculosis in the Russian Federation: Dynamics of the Epidemic Indicators before and after COVID-19 Pandemic

Старшинова

Dovgalyk

Beltukov

et al. 2022

Life

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“…Также актуальной проблемой российской фтизиатрии является коморбидность -сочетание ту-беркулеза и других патологий как инфекционной (вирус иммунодефицита человека (ВИЧ) инфекция, вирусные гепатиты) [26], так и неинфекционной природы (заболевания сердечно-сосудистой системы, желудочно-кишечного тракта, диабет и др.) [27,28].…”

Section: биобанкирование во фтизиатрииunclassified

Creation of a collection of different biological sample types from elderly patients to study the relationship of clinical, systemic, tissue and cellular biomarkers of accumulation of senescent cells during aging

Sorokina

Orlova

Grigorieva

et al. 2022

Cardiovasc Ther Prev

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With aging, tissue homeostasis and their effective recovery after damage is violated. It has been shown that this may be due to the excessive accumulation of senescent (SC) cells in various tissues, which leads to the activation of chronic sterile inflammation, tissue dysfunction and, as a result, to the development of age-related diseases. To assess the contribution of SC cells to human body aging and pathogenesis of such diseases, relevant biomarkers are studied. For successful translation into clinical practice of approaches aimed at regulating the SC cell content in various tissues, it is necessary to study the relationship between the established clinical biomarkers of aging and age-related diseases, systemic aging parameters, and SC biomarkers at the tissue and cellular levels.Aim. To develop and describe action algorithms for creating a biobank of samples obtained from patients aged >65 years in order to study biomarkers of SC cell accumulation.Material and methods. To collect samples, an interaction system was built between several research, clinical and infrastructure departments of a multidisciplinary medical center. At the stage of preanalytical training, regulatory legal acts were developed, including informed consent for patients, as well as protocols for each stage of the study.Results. A roadmap was formed with action algorithms for all participants in the study, as well as with a convenient and accessible system of annotations and storage of biological samples. To date, the collection includes biological samples of 7 different types (peripheral blood serum, formalin-fixed tissue samples and formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue specimens, samples of different cells isolated from peripheral blood, skin and adipose tissue, samples of deoxyribonucleic and ribonucleic acids, cell secretome conditioned media) obtained from 82 patients. We accumulated relevant anamnestic, clinical and laboratory data, as well as the results of experimental studies to assess the SC cell biomarkers. Using the collection, the relationship between clinical, tissue and cellular biomarkers of SC cell accumulation was studied.Conclusion. The creation of a collection of biological samples at the molecular, cellular, tissue and organism levels from one patient provides great opportunities for research in the field of personalized medicine and the study of age-related disease pathogenesis.

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“…Лекарственно-устойчивый туберкулез является глобальной проблемой здравоохранения, с которой столкнулось человечество в XXI в., как в России, так и во всем мире [1,13,15]. Туберкулез с лекарственной устойчивостью возбудителя (ЛУ) неотступно следует за антибактериальной терапией, приводя к недостаточной эффективности лечения, высокой смертности, большим экономическим затратам и снижению темпов улучшения эпидемиологических показателей [1,2,15]. Диагностика лекарственно-устойчивого туберкулеза во всем мире остается трудной задачей, так как требуются сложная лабораторная инфраструктура, адекватное кадровое обеспечение, внедрение быстрых методов обнаружения возбудителя и определения его ЛУ.…”

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Prevalence and Patterns of Gene Mutations Associated with <i>M. tuberculosis</i> Resistance to Isoniazid and Rifampicin in Patients with Different Clinical Manifestations of Tuberculosis

Салина

Morozova

2023

Tuberk. bolezni lëgk.

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The objective: to study prevalence and patterns of mutations in the katG, inhA, ahpC, rpoB genes associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) resistance to isoniazid (H) and rifampicin (R) in patients with various clinical manifestations of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB).Subjects and Methods. 441 sputum samples collected in tuberculosis patients were tested using biological microchips. Tests were carried out in Group 1 - patients with confirmed bacterial excretion (n = 256) and in Group 2 (n = 185) - patients without bacterial excretion. The same patients were enrolled in Group 3 - patients with acute progressing tuberculosis (n = 52) and Group 4 (n = 99) - patients with localized tuberculosis.Results. In Group 1, DNA of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was found in 79.3% of patients, in Group 2 - in 57.8%. Among all samples, mutations in the genes encoding resistance to isoniazid were detected in 15.5%, resistance to rifampicin - in 58.1%. Resistance to isoniazid was more often caused by mutations in the katG gene (49%) versus the inhA (29%) and ahpC (4.2%) genes. We found 13 most common types of mutations in the rpoB gene associated with resistance to rifampicin. The dominant mutations in both groups were Seu531->Leu mutations - 19.7% in Group 1 and 24.3% in Group 2. In Group 1, mutations in the katG gene (53.7%) were observed more often than mutations in the inhA gene (27.7%). In Group 3, mutations in the katG gene were registered in 30.8%, in the inhA gene - in 25%. There were no statistically significant differences in patterns of mutations in the katG, inhA, ahpC, rpoB genes between Groups 1, 2 and 3, 4. Thus, patients without bacterial excretion and patients with localized tuberculosis are a hidden dangerous reservoir of tuberculous mycobacteria with multiple drug resistance to rifampicin and drug resistance to isoniazid.

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Socially Important Infectious Diseases Posing a Biological Threat to the Population of Russia

Cited by 32 publications

References 3 publications

Tuberculosis in the Russian Federation: Dynamics of the Epidemic Indicators before and after COVID-19 Pandemic

Tuberculosis in the Russian Federation: Dynamics of the Epidemic Indicators before and after COVID-19 Pandemic

Creation of a collection of different biological sample types from elderly patients to study the relationship of clinical, systemic, tissue and cellular biomarkers of accumulation of senescent cells during aging

Prevalence and Patterns of Gene Mutations Associated with <i>M. tuberculosis</i> Resistance to Isoniazid and Rifampicin in Patients with Different Clinical Manifestations of Tuberculosis

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