Social inequalities and the rise in violent deaths in Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil: 2000-2006

Viana, Luiz Antonio Chaves; Costa, Maria da Conceição Nascimento; Paim, Jairnilson Silva; Vieira-da-Silva, Lígia Maria

doi:10.1590/s0102-311x2011001400016

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…This divergence in direction of the association agrees with the findings of some review papers Smith, 2002,Rehkopf andBuka, 2006). In the case of homicides, some studies conducted in the United States (Cubbin, et al, 2000), Brazil (Viana, et al, 2011), Great Britain (Shaw, et al, 2005) and Scotland (Leyland and Dundas, 2010) have reported a positive association between homicides and area socioeconomic deprivation. However, it is important to note that few such studies have been conducted in European countries (Laflamme, et al, 2009).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic inequalities in injury mortality in small areas of 15 European cities

et al. 2013

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This study analysed socioeconomic inequalities in mortality due to injuries in small areas of 15 European cities, by sex, at the beginning of this century. A cross-sectional ecological study with units of analysis being small areas within 15 European cities was conducted. Relative risks of injury mortality associated with the socioeconomic deprivation index were estimated using hierarchical Bayesian model. The number of small areas varies from 17 in Bratislava to 2666 in Turin. The median population per small area varies by city (e.g. Turin had 274 inhabitants per area while Budapest had 76,970). Socioeconomic inequalities in all injury mortality are observed in the majority of cities and are more pronounced in men. In the cities of northern and western Europe, socioeconomic inequalities in injury mortality are found for most types of injuries. These inequalities are not significant in the majority of cities in southern Europe among women and in the majority of central eastern European cities for both sexes. The results confirm the existence of socioeconomic inequalities in injury related mortality and reveal variations in their magnitude between different European cities.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic inequalities in injury mortality in small areas of 15 European cities

et al. 2013

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“…The influence of social determinants on health has been widely discussed by the scientific community [1][2][3] . Some issues suffer major influences from that determination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among them, the violence stands out for its multifaceted and ambiguous character Homicide mortality rates are considered good indicators to measure the severity of violence in a given population group 4 . Some studies have been conducted in Brazil and in the world to show this relationship 5,6 , however, this approach requires further discussions in northeastern Brazil, where rates grow at an accelerated rate, unlike what happens in other regions, where positive developments were identified in indicators 3,7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social determinants and their interference in homicide rates in a city in northeastern Brazil

Sousa

Magalhães

Gama

et al. 2014

Rev. bras. epidemiol.

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“…This is often attributed to rising prosperity combined with roll out of redistributive health and social programmes such as the Bolsa Familia cash transfer programme,30 as well as scaled-up health promotion efforts (especially obesity prevention) 31. Exacerbation of violence-related inequalities has also been observed in one study of adult mortality in Salvador 32. It has been suggested that public health interventions have focused on reducing infectious and chronic diseases but neglect, on the other hand, external causes of ill health such as interpersonal violence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress and setbacks in socioeconomic inequalities in adolescent health-related behaviours in Brazil: results from three cross-sectional surveys 2009–2015

et al. 2019

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ObjectivesDespite some progress, Brazil is still one of the most unequal countries, and the extent of socioeconomic inequalities in adolescent health is unclear. We assessed trends in socioeconomic inequalities in adolescent’s health-related behaviours in Brazil between 2009 and 2015.DesignWe used cross-sectional data from the Brazilian National Survey of School Health carried out in 2009, 2012 and 2015.SettingBrazilian state capitals.ParticipantsStudents attending ninth grade from public and private schools in Brazilian state capitals in 2009 (60 973 students), 2012 (61 145 students) and 2015 (51 192 students).Main outcome measureWe assessed 12 health-related behaviours (irregular fruit, vegetables and bean consumption; regular soft drink consumption; irregular physical activity; alcohol, drug and tobacco use; unsafe sex; involvement in gun fights; bullying victimisation and domestic violence victimisation), under the broad domains of lifestyle risk behaviours, engagement in risky activities and exposure to violence. Socioeconomic status was assessed through an asset-based wealth index derived from principal component analysis. Absolute and relative inequalities in these health behaviours and inequalities trends were investigated.ResultsFrom 2009 to 2015, prevalence of certain harmful health-related behaviours increased, such as unsafe sex (21.5% to 33.9%), domestic violence (9.5% to 16.2%), bullying victimisation (14.2% to 21.7%) and irregular consumption of beans (37.5% to 43.7%). Other indicators decreased: alcohol use (27.1% to 23.2%), irregular physical activity (83.0% to 75.6%) and consumption of soft drinks (37.2% to 28.8%). Over the period, we found consistent evidence of decreasing health inequalities for lifestyle behaviours (fruit, bean and soft drink consumption) and alcohol use, set against increasing inequalities in violence (domestic violence, fights using guns and bullying victimisation).ConclusionSocioeconomic inequality increased in the violence domain and decreased for lifestyle behaviours among Brazilian adolescents. Widening gaps in violence domain urge immediately policy measures in Brazil.

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Social inequalities and the rise in violent deaths in Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil: 2000-2006

Abstract: Desigualdades sociais e crescimento das mortes violentas em Salvador, Bahia, Brasil: 2000-2006

Cited by 14 publications

References 38 publications

Socioeconomic inequalities in injury mortality in small areas of 15 European cities

Socioeconomic inequalities in injury mortality in small areas of 15 European cities

Social determinants and their interference in homicide rates in a city in northeastern Brazil

Progress and setbacks in socioeconomic inequalities in adolescent health-related behaviours in Brazil: results from three cross-sectional surveys 2009–2015

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