So-Called Herxheimer Reactions

Herxheimer, Karl; Martin, Hans

doi:10.1001/archderm.1926.02370130118011

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…In patients with autoimmune disorders and inflammatory symptoms, olmesartan is noted to provoke an increase in inflammatory symptoms indicative of a Jarisch–Herxheimer reaction (JHR). JHR is a cascade of reactions including inflammation, cytokine release, and endotoxin release as part of the immune response to the disintegration of infected cells [ 172 ]. This immunopathology suggests transcription of AMPs by an activated VDR, points to the presence of occult infection and provides additional evidence that olmesartan is a VDR agonist [ 167 , 173 , 174 ].…”

Section: Restoration Of Vdr Competencementioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammation and vitamin D: the infection connection

Mangin¹,

Sinha²,

Fincher³

2014

Inflamm. Res.

232

203

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IntroductionInflammation is believed to be a contributing factor to many chronic diseases. The influence of vitamin D deficiency on inflammation is being explored but studies have not demonstrated a causative effect.MethodsLow serum 25(OH)D is also found in healthy persons exposed to adequate sunlight. Despite increased vitamin D supplementation inflammatory diseases are increasing. The current method of determining vitamin D status may be at fault. The level of 25(OH)D does not always reflect the level of 1,25(OH)2D. Assessment of both metabolites often reveals elevated 1,25(OH)2D, indicating abnormal vitamin D endocrine function.FindingsThis article reviews vitamin D's influence on the immune system, examines the myths regarding vitamin D photosynthesis, discusses ways to accurately assess vitamin D status, describes the risks of supplementation, explains the effect of persistent infection on vitamin D metabolism and presents a novel immunotherapy which provides evidence of an infection connection to inflammation.ConclusionSome authorities now believe that low 25(OH)D is a consequence of chronic inflammation rather than the cause. Research points to a bacterial etiology pathogenesis for an inflammatory disease process which results in high 1,25(OH)2D and low 25(OH)D. Immunotherapy, directed at eradicating persistent intracellular pathogens, corrects dysregulated vitamin D metabolism and resolves inflammatory symptoms.

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Section: Restoration Of Vdr Competencementioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammation and vitamin D: the infection connection

Mangin¹,

Sinha²,

Fincher³

2014

Inflamm. Res.

232

203

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“…Chlorpromazine has been found to antagonize the effects of 5-HT on the rat uterus (threshold concentration 2 X 10-9 ) [527, 83J, the rat colon (10-6 -10-7 ) [83,616], the guinea-pig ileum (10-7 ) [616J, the capillaries of the rat paw (1-10 p,g/kg) [83,616,330], the blood pressure of decapitated cats or of cats under ganglionic blockade (1 mg/kg) [526,527] and, finally, the effects of 5-HT on the guinea-pig lung preparation (good effect when bronchospasm is incomplete, little effect when complete [652]) and on the bronchial musculature of the intact guinea-pig (5-10 mg/kg) [80,568].…”

Section: Chlorpromazine and Related Phenothiazinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Research in the Field of 5-Hydroxytryptamine and Related Indolealkylamines

Erspamer

1961

Fortschritte Der Arzneimittelforschung / Progress in Drug Research / Progrès Des Recherches Pharmaceutiques

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“…We are aware of two additional patients, both black, who developed similar vesicular reactions after the initi¬ ation of treatment for syphilis (G. Brauner, MD, personal communication, May 24,1980). We are aware of two additional patients, both black, who developed similar vesicular reactions after the initi¬ ation of treatment for syphilis (G. Brauner, MD, personal communication, May 24,1980).…”

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confidence: 97%