Smoking tobacco, oral snuff, and alcohol in the etiology of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck

Lewin, Freddi; Norell, Staffan E.; Johansson, Hemming; Gustavsson, Per; Wennerberg, Johan; Biörklund, Anders; Rutqvist, Lars Erik

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(19980401)82:7<1367::aid-cncr21>3.0.co;2-3

Cited by 350 publications

(287 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

256

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This level of reduction is comparable to reductions observed when ST users are switched from Copenhagen and Skoal to a Swedish snus product (Hatsukami et al, 2004). Swedish studies suggest that the head and neck cancer risk with the use of snus is not significantly elevated compared to non ST users (Lewin et al, 1998;Schildt et al, 1998). However, the manufacturing process of ST products in the U.S. is fundamentally different from that of snus in Sweden (Foulds et al, 2003), and further investigation is required to determine if a reduction in NNK exposure with U.S. ST brand switching results in a cancer risk reduction.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Smokeless tobacco brand switching: A means to reduce toxicant exposure?

Hatsukami

Ebbert

Anderson

et al. 2007

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of smokeless tobacco (ST) brand switching on biomarkers of ST exposure and on ST use. Subjects seeking treatment to reduce their use were randomized to ST brand switching with controlled ST topography, brand switching with ad libitum ST use, or a waitlist control with subsequent randomization to one of these two conditions. The waitlist control group was included to assess whether changes were a consequence of time effect. During the intervention, Copenhagen or Kodiak ST users were asked to switch to products that were sequentially lower in nicotine content: Skoal Long Cut Original or Wintergreen for 4 weeks and then Skoal Bandits for the subsequent 4 weeks. Measures were obtained during the course of treatment and at 12-week follow-up. Significant reductions in total urinary cotinine and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-l-(3 pyridyl) l-butanol (NNAL) plus its glucuronides (total NNAL) were observed with no significant differences between the controlled topography and ad libitum conditions. Significant reductions were also observed in the amount and duration of dips with a significant intervention effect for durational measures. At 12 weeks, the 7-day biochemically-verified tobacco abstinent rate was 26% in the ad libitum group. ST brand switching may be a feasible alternative intervention for ST users interested in quitting but unwilling to stop ST use completely.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Smokeless tobacco brand switching: A means to reduce toxicant exposure?

Hatsukami

Ebbert

Anderson

et al. 2007

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Smokeless tobacco has likewise been suggested as a risk factor, but the type of snuff used in Scandinavia has not shown any significant association with carcinogenesis. 26,27 Experimental models and analyses of oral tumors suggest that viral infections may be an etiologic factor. 28 -30 For instance, human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 infection is suspected to have contributed to the development of a small proportion of oral SCCs in 3 counties in western Washington State.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence and survival of squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue in Scandinavia, with special reference to young adults

Annertz

Anderson

Biörklund

et al. 2002

Intl Journal of Cancer

Self Cite

214

126

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In several countries, increased incidence of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the tongue in young adults has been suspected during the last decades. Some reports indicate a lower survival rate for young patients compared to older patients. In other reports, there has not been any considerable difference in survival when comparing young adults to older patients, whereas some authors have shown better survival for young adults. This disease is rare in young adults, and early reports were based on comparable small numbers and selected patients. Our aim was first to perform a population-based study to determine if an increased incidence in SCC of the tongue could be verified in a larger population comprising the Scandinavian countries Denmark, Finland, Sweden and Norway. A second aim was to determine survival rates for young adults compared to older patients. The material was based on the annual cancer incidence and survival reports from the Scandinavian cancer registries. The study period was 1960 -1994. During that period, 5,024 SCCs of the tongue were reported. Of these, 276 (5.5%) were young adults (20 -39 years). The incidence increased at all ages except for women 65-79 years old. The increase was most pronounced in young adults: 0.06 -0.32 for men and 0.03-0.19 for women, counted by 100,000 person-years. Relative survival was significantly better for young adults compared to older patients.

show abstract

“…Another difference is that young adults most commonly develop primary tumor in oropharynx and oral cavity and less frequently in the larynx compared to older patients (Shiboski et al, 2005;. According to the previous reports, HNSCC has been strongly associated with the use of tobacco and alcohol 3374 (Blot et al, 1988;Tuyns et al, 1988;Lewin et al, 1998). However, there is a distinct group of young patients with HNSCC who reported little or no exposure to the major risk factors (McGregor et al, 1983;Tsukuda et al, 1993;Dahlstrom et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Iranian Patients and Risk Factors in Young Adults: a Fifteen-Year Study

Mafi

Kadivar²,

Hosseini³

et al. 2012

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the 8th most common cancer worldwide. Although older age, male gender, smoking and alcohol consumption are known risk factors, an increasing number of HNSCC patients are without typical risk factors. Our aim was to define demographics of HNSCC in Iran and the potential risk factors related to Iranian ethnicity and lifestyle. Methods: We conducted a crosssectional analytical study on 262 patients with primary SCC of the larynx, hypopharynx or tongue referred to our pathology department during 1995-2010. Patients' demographics, tumor characteristics and risk factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption and anemia were analyzed and compared in two groups of patients: over 40 years (older group) and 40 years or less (young group); Chi-square and Mann-Whitney analytical tests were employed. Results: 5.7% of patients were young adults. The male to female ratio was 1.5 in the younger group and 5.6 in the older group. In young adults, 40% of tumors were located in larynx and 40% in the tongue. Age >40 was significantly associated with laryngeal location (P<0.001). History of smoking and drinking was significantly associated with age >40 and SCC of larynx in both age groups. Cervical lymph node involvement was significantly correlated with SCC of tongue (P<0.001), however, considering young adults only, SCC of hypopharynx was most frequently accompanied by lymph node involvement (60%). The most prevalent tumor among men was SCC of larynx whereas SCC of hypopharynx was the most prevalent tumor among women (61%), of whom 18.2% were ≤40. Conclusions: The incidence of HNSCC among young adults seems to be higher in Iran compared to other countries. Reduction in exposure to known risk factors, especially tobacco smoking in forms of cigarettes and bubble pipes, and search for other causative agents of HNSCC in young population is recommended.

show abstract

Smoking tobacco, oral snuff, and alcohol in the etiology of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck

Abstract: selected exogenous agents in the etiology of head and neck cancer. The factors studied were tobacco smoking, alcohol intake, the use of moist oral snuff, dietary

Cited by 350 publications

References 24 publications

Smokeless tobacco brand switching: A means to reduce toxicant exposure?

Smokeless tobacco brand switching: A means to reduce toxicant exposure?

Incidence and survival of squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue in Scandinavia, with special reference to young adults

Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Iranian Patients and Risk Factors in Young Adults: a Fifteen-Year Study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About