Smart Diagnostics: Combining Artificial Intelligence and In Vitro Diagnostics

McRae, Michael; Rajsri, Kritika Srinivasan; Alcorn, Timothy M.; McDevitt, John T.

doi:10.3390/s22176355

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…In vitro diagnostics plays a pivotal role in disease detection, monitoring, and personalized medicine, ultimately contributing to better patient outcomes and overall public health 30,31 . The simple, fast and accurate GRIT probe allows high throughput quantification of tryptophan concentrations in a patient’s serum, which marks a significant advancement in the clinical applications of fluorescent probes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling Tryptophan Dynamics and Functions Across Model Organisms via Quantitative Imaging

Wang,

Chen,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Tryptophan is an essential amino acid involved in many cellular processes in vertebrates. Systemic and quantitative measurement of tryptophan is crucial for evaluating its essential role as a precursor of serotonin and kynurenine, key neuromodulators affecting neural and immune functions. We utilized a robust and highly responsive ratiometric indicator for tryptophan (GRIT) to quantitatively measure tryptophan dynamics in bacteria, mitochondria of mammalian cell cultures, and human serum. At the cellular scale, these analyses uncovered differences in tryptophan dynamics across cell types and organelles. At the whole-organism scale, we revealed that inflammation-induced tryptophan concentration increases in zebrafish brain led to elevated tryptophan metabolites serotonin and kynurenine levels, which is associated with the prolonged sleep duration. The reduction of zebrafish plasma tryptophan was mirrored in patients with inflammation symptoms and could serve as a biochemical marker of inflammation. In summary, this study introduces GRIT as a powerful method for studying tryptophan metabolism and functions across scales and species and suggests that tryptophan metabolic processes link the immune response and animal behavior.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling Tryptophan Dynamics and Functions Across Model Organisms via Quantitative Imaging

Wang,

Chen,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…The integration and implementation of AI in in vitro diagnostics have the potential to revolutionize disease and healthcare situations. McRae et al [22] developed an intelligent diagnosis platform where the image analysis system digitized biological factors by converting fluorescent signals into signs of ML. The ML algorithms are trained to infer disease/health outcomes and finally report intuitive scores to patients.…”

Section: Intelligent Audit As a Guarantee Of Prompt And Accurate Insp...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ML algorithms are trained to infer disease/health outcomes and finally report intuitive scores to patients. This platform has been used to predict the outcomes of, for example, oral cancer, ovarian cancer, and prostate cancer, as well as the severity of cardiovascular disease, trauma, drug abuse, and COVID‐19 [22].…”

Section: Digital Technologies Facilitate the Management And Integrati...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical application of intelligent technologies and integration in medical laboratories

Huang

Ding

et al. 2023

iLABMED

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With the development of scientific technology, the transition to the intelligent era of digitalization and automation is an irresistible trend for medical laboratories. Medical diagnosis systems have undergone significant changes as a result of intelligent technologies, such as machine learning, artificial intelligence, and the Internet of Things, from the collection, transmission, and detection of test samples to the review of reports and the provision of clinical feedback. In addition to significantly enhancing the efficiency, consistency, and accuracy of medical laboratory testing, these technologies also assist the improvement of individualized healthcare and medical expert systems, as well as the early detection and treatment of diseases. The future development of medical laboratories will focus on integrating big data and diverse intelligent resources, cooperating more closely with clinical departments, and realizing the effective pathway of patient‐centered care. The purpose of this review is to illustrate the current state of intelligent technology integration in medical laboratories and provide a preliminary discussion about the potential future influences of intelligent technology development on the evolution of medical laboratories.

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“…IVD plays an important role in disease prevention, diagnosis, treatment monitoring, prognosis observation, health evaluation and prediction of hereditary diseases. Besides, in vitro diagnostics plays an indispensable role in chronic disease management ( 9 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow cytometry-based peripheral blood analysis as an easily friendly tool for prognostic monitoring of acute ischemic stroke: a multicenter study

Lu,

Ni,

Yue

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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Background and objectiveAcute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a leading cause of mortality, severe neurological and long-term disability world-wide. Blood-based indicators may provide valuable information on identified prognostic factors. However, currently, there is still a lack of peripheral blood indicators for the prognosis of AIS. We aimed to identify the most promising prognostic indicators and establish prognostic models for AIS.Methods484 subjects enrolled from four centers were analyzed immunophenotypic indicators of peripheral blood by flow cytometry. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was applied to minimize the potential collinearity and over-fitting of variables measured from the same subject and over-fitting of variables. Univariate and multivariable Cox survival analysis of differences between and within cohorts was performed by log-rank test. The areas under the receiving operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the selection accuracy of immunophenotypic indicators in identifying AIS subjects with survival risk. The prognostic model was constructed using a multivariate Cox model, consisting of 402 subjects as a training cohort and 82 subjects as a testing cohort.ResultsIn the prospective study, 7 immunophenotypic indicators of distinct significance were screened out of 72 peripheral blood immunophenotypic indicators by LASSO. In multivariate cox regression, CTL (%) [HR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.03–1.33], monocytes/μl [HR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.05–1.21], non-classical monocytes/μl [HR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.02–1.16] and CD56high NK cells/μl [HR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.05–1.21] were detected to decrease the survival probability of AIS, while Tregs/μl [HR:0.97, 95% CI: 0.95–0.99, p=0.004], BM/μl [HR:0.90, 95% CI: 0.85–0.95, p=0.023] and CD16+NK cells/μl [HR:0.93, 95% CI: 0.88–0.98, p=0.034] may have the protective effect. As for indicators’ discriminative ability, the AUC for CD56highNK cells/μl attained the highest of 0.912. In stratification analysis, the survival probability for AIS subjects with a higher level of Tregs/μl, BM/μl, CD16+NK cells/μl, or lower levels of CD56highNK cells/μl, CTL (%), non-classical monocytes/μl, Monocytes/μl were more likely to survive after AIS. The multivariate Cox model showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.805, 0.781 and 0.819 and 0.961, 0.924 and 0.982 in the training and testing cohort, respectively.ConclusionOur study identified 7 immunophenotypic indicators in peripheral blood may have great clinical significance in monitoring the prognosis of AIS and provide a convenient and valuable predictive model for AIS.

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Smart Diagnostics: Combining Artificial Intelligence and In Vitro Diagnostics

Cited by 13 publications

References 77 publications

Unveiling Tryptophan Dynamics and Functions Across Model Organisms via Quantitative Imaging

Unveiling Tryptophan Dynamics and Functions Across Model Organisms via Quantitative Imaging

Clinical application of intelligent technologies and integration in medical laboratories

Flow cytometry-based peripheral blood analysis as an easily friendly tool for prognostic monitoring of acute ischemic stroke: a multicenter study

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