Smart conducting polymer composites having zero temperature coefficient of resistance

Chu, Kunmo; Lee, Sungchul; Lee, Sang-Eui; Kim, Dongearn; Moon, Chiung; Park, Sunghoon

doi:10.1039/c4nr04489d

Cited by 89 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(69 reference statements)

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“…This behaviour can be described by the fact when the temperature increases, the gaps between MWCNT to MWCNT will be reduced because of the reduced thermal expansion of the matrix (in this case phenolic resin). 33 This sudden change in the matrix (at Tg) s also confirmed by the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) test ( Figure 11B). 31 NTC can appear in different type of CNTs-based nanocomposites, as it has been shown by other studies, 31,32 and it also can be affected by different factors such as the type of polymer, aspect ratio, and concentration of CNTs.…”

Section: Electrothermal Response Of Mwcnts/phenolic Nanocompositesupporting

confidence: 54%

High‐efficient multifunctional self‐heating nanocomposite‐based MWCNTs for energy applications

et al. 2019

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Self-heating of nanocomposite materials based on the joule heating effect is suitable for numerous engineering applications. In this study, a highefficiency self-heating nanocomposite, using high conductive multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)-based phenolic resin, was fabricated with a hot press method. The microstructure and the thermal stability of self-heating nanocomposite were studied by X-ray diffraction, scanning electronic microscopy, and thermogravimetric tests. Electromechanical and thermal performance tests were conducted to investigate their potential as a self-heating application. Results showed that the compressive strength, modulus, and the piezo-resistive behaviour were higher after adding MWCNTs to the phenolic resin, indicating better load transfer and self-damage sensing as well. Moreover, at 4.0 wt% of MWCNTs concentration, the electrical conductivity of a self-heating nanocomposite showed a higher value of 13.26 S/m which was also found to be proportionally increased with the thickness of the samples, it was ≈25.5 and ≈12.8 S/m for 10 and 3 mm, respectively. In addition, a steady-state temperature of ≈110°C could be reached at low applied volts (8 V) as well as its heating performance was significantly dependent on the input power and the thickness of the sample. This is also confirmed by statistical results between the sample with thicknesses of 3 and 10 mm in terms of power consumption with P value ≈ .0001. Furthermore, the influence of Joule heating was estimated analytically based on the one-dimensional heat transfer equation in companying with other previous models. The estimated distributed temperatures values were in good agreement with the experimental results. The selfheating nanocomposite described in this study has the potential to be used in various industrial applications and a wide range of sectors due to its ability to self-damage sensing, easy fabrication, and high heating efficiency at low power consumption.

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Section: Electrothermal Response Of Mwcnts/phenolic Nanocompositesupporting

confidence: 54%

High‐efficient multifunctional self‐heating nanocomposite‐based MWCNTs for energy applications

et al. 2019

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“…(a) shows a Joule heating specimen (PDMS/CB composite) reaching a temperature of 45 °C (switching temperature) with an obvious increment in electrical resistance. Even with further increased voltage applied, the temperature did not exceed the PTC temperature …”

Section: Recent Applications Of Pyroresistive Materialsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Applications of pyroresistive CPCs, ranging from temperature sensors, safe batteries, resettable fuses, to self‐regulating heating devices . (Reproduced with permissions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyroresistivity in conductive polymer composites: a perspective on recent advances and new applications

Liu

Zhang

Porwal

et al. 2018

Polymer International

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Conductive polymer composites (CPCs) with pyroresistive behaviour are of interest for a wide variety of applications such as safe batteries, resettable fuses, temperature sensors and self‐regulating heating devices. Due to their ease of processing, low density, tunable electrical properties, good oxidation resistance, and good flexibility and toughness, CPCs have become the preferred choice of pyroresistive materials in a number of applications. The pyroresistive behaviour of CPCs can be tuned to satisfy the specific requirements of different applications. In this perspective paper, recent progress in the use of pyroresistive CPCs is reviewed. In particular, various factors influencing their performance are discussed and compared, in connection with the associated application, with a special focus on reproducibility and positive temperature coefficient intensity levels. Some of the remaining challenges are identified, together with future prospects in this evolving field. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry

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“…In order to achieve this behavior a combination of complex structures, both NTC and PTC-behavior materials has been proposed in literature. [ 19 ] In this work, CB-based polymer composites have been prepared and characterized as thin fl exible heater foils, with an average thickness of 50 ± 2 µm. A high performance poly(amideimide) (PAI) with excellent thermooxidative stability, high radiation and solvent resistance, and high mechanical strength has been used as matrix.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible Poly(Amide‐Imide)‐Carbon Black Based Microheater with High‐Temperature Capability and an Extremely Low Temperature Coefficient

Liparoti

Landi

Sorrentino

et al. 2016

Adv Elect Materials

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heating element comprises a conductive polymer material. Polymer loaded with conducting fi llers such as carbon-based materials and metal fi bers have been extensively investigated owing to their lightweight and good processability. [1][2][3][4] They are ideal for many smart applications, such as patternable microheaters, temperature sensors, thermoelectric devices, water heaters, and fl exible deicing units. [5][6][7] However, up to now low values of dielectric strength, dimensional stability, thermal insulation, electrical power density, and maximum operating temperature have limited their applications in fl exible heater manufacturing. [ 8,9 ] So far, metal-based microheaters on fl exible foils are the dominant approach in the fi eld. The substitution of conventional microheaters with polymer-based microheaters can expand their applications to extreme environments or for cases, where space and weight allowances are limited. Several approaches related to their formulation and processing have been proposed to overcome the limitations of purely polymer-based solutions. Nanosized particles have received great attention due to their electrical cycle stability and their potential in processing thin fi lms with uniform morphology. In this case, a number of new problems, such as signifi cant particle agglomeration, high interface fraction, and porosity in polymer matrices need to be resolved during nanocomposite production. Probably, the most important issue is the fi ller distribution within the matrix, which depends strongly on the right combination of processing conditions (pressure, temperature, humidity, mixing, etc.), formulation (fi ller content, properties of the matrix), and particle-matrix interactions. [ 10 ] Controlling the impact of all these parameters allows to fi nd the right balance between dispersion and aggregation phenomena in order to prevent either the formation of microagglomerates or of conductive pathway breakage. Generally, it is preferable to decrease the fi ller content value at which the composite becomes conductive (percolation threshold). This is generally achieved by partial segregation of the fi ller or by using conductive nanometric fi llers with high aspect ratio. Among these, nanocarbon materials such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene, and carbon nanofi bers are used to obtain highly conductive polymer composites with a very low Flexible poly(amide-imide)-carbon black (PAI-CB) composite fi lms, to be applied as high performance microheater foil, have been prepared with a solution/casting technique. The CB dispersion has been carefully controlled in order to improve the thermal and electrical properties of the resulting composites. Morphology and structure of the PAI-CB composite fi lms have been characterized by optical microscopy, atomic force microscopy and FTIR spectroscopy. The effect of the CB dispersion and its interaction with the polymer chains on the thermal and mechanical properties of the composite fi lms have been investigated by using differential scanning calorimetr...

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Smart conducting polymer composites having zero temperature coefficient of resistance

Cited by 89 publications

References 38 publications

High‐efficient multifunctional self‐heating nanocomposite‐based MWCNTs for energy applications

High‐efficient multifunctional self‐heating nanocomposite‐based MWCNTs for energy applications

Pyroresistivity in conductive polymer composites: a perspective on recent advances and new applications

Flexible Poly(Amide‐Imide)‐Carbon Black Based Microheater with High‐Temperature Capability and an Extremely Low Temperature Coefficient

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