Skrining Mekanisme Kerja Daun Malaka (Phyllanthus emblica L.) Sebagai Antidiabetes

Abstract

Daun malaka (Phyllanthus emblica L.) mempunyai potensi digunakan sebagai alternatif obat antidiabetes. Daun malaka menunjukkan efek hipoglikemia pada tikus yang diinduksi aloksan. Namun, mekanisme kerjanya belum diketahui pasti. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam rangka skrining mekanisme kerja daun malaka sebagai antidiabetes. Skrining mekanisme kerja dilakukan terhadap fraksi air daun malaka melalui uji aktivitas inhibisi enzim α-glukosidase serta α-amilase secara in vitro dan pengujian aktivitas insulin-sensitizer terhadap ekstrak daun malaka dengan metode tes toleransi insulin secara in vivo. Fraksi air daun malaka menunjukkan aktivitas inhibisi terhadap enzim α-glukosidase serta α-amilase dengan nilai IC50 (Inhibitor Concentration 50) pada kedua enzim tersebut berturut-turut adalah 0,87% dan 8,64% b/v. Pada uji aktivitas insulin sensitizer, pemberian ekstrak daun malaka dapat meningkatkan sensitivitas insulin pada tikus diabet dengan kondisi resistensi insulin. Nilai KTTI pada kelompok tikus diabet yang diberi ekstrak daun malaka dosis 100 dan 500 mg/kgbb tikus (74,89 dan 75,57) lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok tikus diabet (38,41) dan kadar glukosa darah yang lebih rendah selama interval waktu pengukuran. Daun malaka telah diketahui mampu meningkatkan sekresi insulin dan pada penelitian ini menunjukkan aktivitas inhibisi enzim α-glukosidase serta α-amilase secara in vitro dan menunjukkan aktivitas insulinsensitizer pada tikus diabet dengan kondisi resistensi insulin.
 
 Malaka leaf (Phyllanthus emblica L.) has the potential to be used as an alternative antidiabetic drug. Malacca leaves showed hypoglycemia effect in rat induced by alloxan. However, the mechanism of action is not yet known. This study was conducted to evaluate the mechanism of action of Malaka leaves as antidiabetic. Screening of the mechanism of action was carried out on the water fraction of Malaka leaf byinhibitory activity examination on α-glucosidase and α-amylase by in vitro studyand Evaluation of insulin-sensitizer activity of Maaka leaf leaf extract was conducted by invivo insulin tolerance test method. Malaka leaf water fraction showed inhibitory activity against the α-glucosidase and α-amylase with IC50 values ​​(Inhibitory Concentration 50) of0.87% and 8.64% b / v on both enzyme, respectively. The evaluation of insulin sensitizer revelead that administration ofMalaka leaf extract can increase insulin sensitivity in diabetic rat with insulin resistance.KTTI values ​​in diabetic rats given malaka extract at the dose of 100 and 500 mg / kg BW (74.89 and 75.57) were higher than diabetics rat (38.41) and the extract also decrease blood glucose levels during measurement time intervals . Malaka leafhas been known to increase insulin secretion and the study showedthe inhibitory activity on α-glucosidase and α-amylase by in vitro study and showed insulinsensitizer activity in diabetic rat with insulin resistance.

The Effect of Ethanol Extract of Malacca Leaves (Phyllanthus emblica) on The Number of Fibroblast Cells in White Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Burns Wound

“…Collagen fibers will uniting between each other and make wound tightly closed to generate the healing run optimally (Barbul, 2005). Moreover, there are some compounds in malacca leaf extract (Phyllanthus emblica) can accelerate the burn wound healing process such as tannins, saponins, and flavonoids (Fauzi et al, 2018).…”

“…These plants have greenish stems, with the size variety is small to medium, and slightly yellowish-green flowers (Dhale, 2012). According to Fauzi et al (2018), in the ethanol extract of the malacca leaves (Phyllanthus emblica) contains phytochemical compounds that are not much different from compounds in other plants. There are several compounds in malaca leaves extract (Phyllanthus emblica) that help the wound healing process, including flavonoids, tannins, and saponins.…”

Toxicity Test of Flavonoid Compounds from Ethyl Acetate Extract of Malacca Leaves with Brine Shrimp Lethality Test

“…Malacca (Phyllanthus emblica) is commonly known as Amla or Indian gooseberry. In Indonesia, the malacca plant is widely known by various names including kimlaka (Malay), balaka (Minangkabau), malacca (Sunda and Betawi, kemloko (Java), malacca (Madura) (Fauzi et al, 2018), bak rem (Aceh) balakka (North Sumatra), matengo (Ternate) (Asmilia et al, 2020). Malacca belongs to the Euphorbiaceae family and has been often used in traditional medicine to treat a wide variety of diseases including antibacterial (Elangovan et al, 2015) then extracts from malacca leaves can also be used as a substitute for inflammation (Asmilia et al, 2020), chemoprotective (Singh et al, 2011), antidiabetic, anti-dioxide, anticancer, and antiinflammatory (Kaur et al, 2013).…”

“…Malacca has several chemical contents that have been successfully isolated, i.e. polyphenols, tannins, flavonoids, essential oils, alkaloids, lignins, glyceroids, carbohydrates, phenols, saponins, and terpenoids are widely contained in the leaves, fruits, and roots of the malacca plant (Fauzi et al, 2018). Flavonoids are phenolic glycoside compounds that are very much found in plants (Musman et al, 2017) and function to give aroma, and color to flowers, and taste in seeds and fruits (Mierziac et al, 2014;Qonitatillah et al, 2020) exposure to ultraviolet rays (Alfaridz and Amalia, 2018).…”