Size effects in the electrical resistivity of polycrystalline nanowires

Durkan, Colm; Welland, Mark E.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.61.14215

Cited by 252 publications

(198 citation statements)

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“…Previous works reported that for thin films and NWs fabricated with templates or lift-off, the grain size was roughly equal to the structure dimensions. 43,46,47 In our case we did not observe such relation and this could be related to the way structures are deposited in SL. Compared to lift-off or template growth, during SL the material lands freely on the surface without any lateral barrier restricting the spreading of the material or the growth of the structure.…”

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confidence: 77%

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Metallic Nanowires by Full Wafer Stencil Lithography

et al. 2008

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Aluminum and gold nanowires were fabricated using 100 mm stencil wafers containing nanoslits fabricated with a focused ion beam. The stencils were aligned and the nanowires deposited on a substrate with predefined electrical pads. The morphology and resistivity of the wires were studied. Nanowires down to 70 nm wide and 5 µm long have been achieved showing a resistivity of 10 µΩcm for Al and 5 µΩcm for Au and maximum current density of ∼10 8 A/cm 2 . This proves the capability of stencil lithography for the fabrication of metallic nanowires on a full wafer scale.An important objective in nanotechnology is the development of alternative nanopatterning methods and the fabrication of novel nanoscale structures and materials. Among such structures, nanowires (NWs) have shown potential and applications in a broad range of fields such as electronics, 1,2 magnetic memories, 3 thermoelectric, 4,5 nanomechanical, 6 optoelectronic, 7 and biosensing devices 8-10 due to their physical properties and surface to volume ratio. In particular, metallic nanowires can be applied for interconnects, magnetic memories based on spin-polarized current 3 and biosensors. 9 To fabricate NWs, the two approaches used are the chemical synthesis (bottom-up) and the nanopatterning methods (topdown).

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confidence: 77%

“…This was also observed by Durkan et al for Au wires that were not annealed as in our case. 43,45 If this dependence exists, it might be too small to be detected in our experimental conditions and dimensions. In our NWs we did not observe a change in grain size with the width or thickness of the NWs either.…”

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confidence: 90%

Metallic Nanowires by Full Wafer Stencil Lithography

et al. 2008

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“…(9) shows the contribution of grain boundary scattering, and the second term shows the contribution of surface scattering. The values of R ¼ 0:9 for Au 19) and R ¼ 0:5 for Cu 11) have been reported. Figure 10 shows a comparison of the resistivity, m , which is measured using four-point probe technique, with calculated resistivity, c , which is obtained by substituting the value of R, l 0 ¼ 40 nm, 11) P ¼ 0:5 (with respect to epitaxial single crystal), 20) 0 ¼ 0:023 m m, 17) and the value of d (crystalline size) into eqs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave Heating of Thin Au Film

Sueyoshi

Kakiuchi

2007

Mater. Trans.

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Thin Au film was prepared by sputtering and evaporation methods with a quartz substrate, followed by microwave irradiation in air (frequency of microwave: 2.45 GHz, incident flux of microwave: 563 W, irradiation time: 600 s). As a result, it was confirmed that microwave heating of thin Au film is feasible. The growth of crystalline and particles due to microwave heating was confirmed from AFM observation and XRD analysis.Thin Au film is continuously heated during microwave irradiation, regardless of a preparation method of thin film. Microwave heating depends on the amount of microwave absorption on a thin Au film, which is related to the thickness and microstructure of the thin Au film. The rate of temperature rise depends on the ratio of a thickness to resistivity of thin Au film.

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“…Subsequently, Mayadas and Shatzkes (MS) [8], based on experimental observations, [9] studied the grain boundary scattering on electric resistivity by extending FS theory. As a basic problem of microscale energy transport, the size effects on the electric resistivity of metallic nanostructures have been widely studied [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Since the thermal conductivity of metals is closely related to their electric conductivity [5,18], the size effect on thermal responses of metals is also an important problem in the field of microscale energy transport.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interaction between ultrashort pulse laser and metallic nanostructures involves the nonequilibrium energy exchange between electrons and lattice [1][2][3][4][5] and the size effects [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] occurring in microscale energy transport processes. The nonequilibrium process occurs as the pulse width of the ultrashort pulse laser is comparable to the characteristic time for electrons to change their states.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of thermomechanical responses in ultrafast laser heating of metal nanofilms

Zhou

2011

Thin Solid Films

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The present work uses two-temperature model and Cattaneo's constitutive model to study the thermomechanical responses and the size effect on energy transport during ultrafast laser heating of Au nanofilms. It is shown that the grain size effects on thermophysical properties, heat transport and thermal stresses are rather evident when the average grain diameter is less than the electron mean free path. The study on heat transport shows that there are two heat waves propagating in the lattice during nonequilibrium heating of films. It is found that the classical thermoelastic theory can not reveal the generation of the ultrafast thermal stresses during nonequilibrium heating; however, it can approximately describe the stress evolution in the stage of thermal equilibrium.

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Size effects in the electrical resistivity of polycrystalline nanowires

Cited by 252 publications

References 16 publications

Metallic Nanowires by Full Wafer Stencil Lithography

Metallic Nanowires by Full Wafer Stencil Lithography

Microwave Heating of Thin Au Film

Investigation of thermomechanical responses in ultrafast laser heating of metal nanofilms

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