Size‐dependent Effect on Thermal Decomposition and Hazard Assessment of TKX‐50 under Adiabatic Condition

Abstract

The thermal decomposition of dihydroxylammonium 5,5′‐bistetrazole‐1,1′‐diolate (TKX‐50) with three different particle sizes were studied under adiabatic condition by using accelerating rate calorimeter (ARC). The adiabatic experiment revealed that TKX‐50 had two decomposition stages. Based on the experimental results, the decomposition parameters including the thermal data and pressure data of three kinds of TKX‐50 were used as the hazard assessment indicators. The results revealed that the decomposition of TKX‐50 nanoparticles was the mildest among all of the samples in the first decomposition stage. In addition, the SADT of three kinds of TKX‐50 with different sizes were predicted when stored in the wooden cylinder, and the results showed that TKX‐50 milliparticles exhibited the best thermal stability.

Thermal Decomposition Characteristics and Thermal Safety of Dihydroxylammonium 5,5′-Bistetrazole-1,1′-diolate Based on Microcalorimetric Experiment and Decoupling Method

“…It can be seen from Table that the decomposition temperature (the initial decomposition temperature and the decomposition peak temperature) and the decomposition enthalpy of TKX-50 in the C600 experiment were higher than the corresponding temperature and decomposition enthalpy in the DSC experiment, which was due to the influence of sample quantity during the experiment . The ratio of the sample quality of the C600 experiment and the DSC experiment was 20:1, resulting in different mass scales.…”

“…It can be seen from Table 1 that the decomposition temperature (the initial decomposition temperature and the decomposition peak temperature) and the decomposition enthalpy of TKX-50 in the C600 experiment were higher than the corresponding temperature and decomposition enthalpy in the DSC experiment, which was due to the influence of sample quantity during the experiment. 30 The ratio of the sample quality of the C600 experiment and the DSC experiment was 20:1, resulting in different mass scales. Compared with the existing research results, 31−33 when the effect of mass scale on the thermal decomposition of TKX-50 was studied in this paper, experiments with the same heating rate were selected, and the effect of heating rate on its decomposition temperature was excluded.…”

Kinetic Modeling of Overlapping Thermal Decomposition of 2,6-Diamino-3,5-dinitropyrazine-1-oxide: Two Consecutive Autocatalytic Reactions and the Thermal Safety Assessment

“…Kinetic modeling of heterogeneous reactions that occur in thermal decomposition of energetic materials (EM) is of paramount importance for understanding their thermal behavior in deep and for the thermal safety assessment. − At present, the methodology for kinetic modeling has been developed mainly based on the assumption of single-step reactions. − However, in many EM cases, the actual kinetic behaviors are quite complicated that cannot be correctly described by simple reaction assumptions. In particular, when multistep (or multiple) heterogeneous reactions occur simultaneously, it is a challenging task to explicate the overall heterogeneous process and to clarify the detailed process of each reaction step by analyzing experimental calorimetric data from thermal analysis technology.…”