Situational meaninglessness and state boredom: Cross-sectional and experience-sampling findings

Chan, Christian S.; Tilburg, Wijnand A.P. van; Igou, Eric R.; Poon, Cyanea Y. S.; Tam, Katy Y. Y.; Wong, Venus U. T.; Cheung, Sing‐Hang

doi:10.1007/s11031-018-9693-3

Cited by 61 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Boredom proneness refers to a disposition or trait of a person (Farmer and Sundberg, 1986;Chin et al, 2017) and is associated with frequent experiences of boredom (Elpidorou, 2014). Boredom state, in contrast, refers to boredom experienced in a specific situation (Fahlman et al, 2013;Chan et al, 2018;Elpidorou, 2018b, a). Here, we focus on boredom state.…”

Section: Boredom and Cognitive Engagementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several factors have been proposed to contribute to boredom (reviewed in Westgate and Wilson, 2018). In brief, boredom may result from (a) inadequate environmental inputs such as understimulation, non-optimal arousal, and constrained choices (e.g., repetitive or vigilance tasks; Westgate and Wilson, 2018); (b) a failure of a person to maintain attention on an activity (Eastwood et al, 2012); and (c) a lack of meaning (Chan et al, 2018). The Meaning and Attentional Components Model of Boredom integrates these different factors (Westgate and Wilson, 2018) and posits that a person may not engage in an activity if it bears low meaning to the person and is incongruent with the person's goals.…”

Section: Boredom and Cognitive Engagementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A model of listening engagement (MoLE)

Herrmann

Johnsrude

2020

Hearing Research

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Hearing impairment in older adulthood puts people at risk of communication difficulties, disengagement from listening, and social withdrawal. Here, we develop a model of listening engagement (MoLE) that provides a conceptual foundation to understand when people engage in listening and why some people disengage. We use the term "listening engagement" to describe the recruitment of executive and other cognitive resources in the service of a valued communication goal. Listening engagement, listening motivation, and listening experiences are closely interconnected: motivation and other factors determine the degree to which resources are recruited during listening, which in turn influences subjective listening experiences such as enjoyment, effort, frustration, and boredom. We anticipate that this model will help researchers assess more accurately whether a person with hearing difficulties is at risk of disengagement and social withdrawal. It is further useful to more comprehensively characterize a person's listening experiences in laboratory settings when rich, engaging stimulus materials, such as spoken stories, are used. We hope this model will allow new questions in applied and basic hearing science and auditory cognitive neuroscience to be asked and answered.

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Section: Boredom and Cognitive Engagementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Boredom and Cognitive Engagementmentioning

confidence: 99%

A model of listening engagement (MoLE)

Herrmann

Johnsrude

2020

Hearing Research

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“…Boredom has been defined as “the aversive experience of wanting but being unable, to engage in satisfying activity” (Eastwood, Frischen, Fenske, & Smilek, , p. 482). It is an emotion characterized by various unpleasant physical and psychological experiences, such as low (Smith & Ellsworth, ; Van Tilburg & Igou, ) or mixed (Merrifield & Danckert, ) arousal, failure to engage attention (Hunter & Eastwood, ), and acute of purposelessness (Chan et al, ). Boredom can be expressed physically with a collapsed upper body and leaning head accompanied by relative lack of movement (Wallbott, ).…”

Section: Boredommentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk‐taking increases under boredom

Kılıç

Tilburg

Igou

2019

Behavioral Decision Making

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We examined if boredom is associated with risk‐taking. Although this association has frequently been postulated, it has rarely been tested, and the evidence has thus far been rather indirect and speculative. We conducted three studies to test this association more systematically. In Study 1, people high in boredom proneness reported greater risk‐taking across financial, ethical, recreational, and health or safety domains. In Study 2, over a series of risky decisions, risk‐taking increased in tandem with state boredom. Consistently, in Study 3, people who felt more bored were more likely to choose risky gambles. Furthermore, while dispositional self‐control predicted lower risk‐taking, state boredom nullified this association, suggesting that elevated risk‐taking might be attributed the erosion of self‐control under boredom. Our findings establish via direct empirical tests that boredom is associated with making riskier decisions.

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“…By implication, nostalgia qualifies as a promising MIL intervention among populations or groups that are vulnerable to meaning-threats. For example, nostalgia may restore lack of meaning among politically disillusioned individuals (e.g., Hillary Clinton supporters in the 2016 US presidential elections or remain voters in the 2016 UK Brexit referendum;Maher, Igou, & Van Tilburg, 2018) or, more generally, among persons with chronic deficits in MIL (Chan et al, 2018;.…”

Section: Summary and Contributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How nostalgia infuses life with meaning: From social connectedness to self‐continuity

Tilburg

Sedikides

Vingerhoets

2018

Euro J Social Psych

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Nostalgia increases meaning in life (MIL), but how so? In four experiments—using varied operationalizations of nostalgia, diverse populations, and complementary methodologies—we identified a serial process. We hypothesized and found, in Experiment 1, that self‐continuity boosts MIL. We hypothesized and found, in Experiment 2, that nostalgia increases MIL through self‐continuity. Finally, we hypothesized and found, in Experiments 3–4, that nostalgia fosters social connectedness, which plausibly heightens self‐continuity, which in turn strengthens MIL. The findings clarify an intricate pathway through which nostalgia renders life more meaningful.

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Situational meaninglessness and state boredom: Cross-sectional and experience-sampling findings

Cited by 61 publications

References 46 publications

A model of listening engagement (MoLE)

A model of listening engagement (MoLE)

Risk‐taking increases under boredom

How nostalgia infuses life with meaning: From social connectedness to self‐continuity

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