Sintering stresses and distortion produced by density differences in bi-layer structures

Constrained sintering: A delicate balance of scales

“…It has been extensively used for screen printed LaSrMnO 3 -yttria stabilized zirconia YSZ or NiO-YSZ on YSZ tapes for SOFC, 119 LTCC and multilayer capacitor systems 120-124 as well as alumina bi-layers with different green densities. 125 It is important to realize there are other possible origins for warpage. For example, binder burnout can lead to bending if the binder is not homogeneously distributed over the tape height.…”

Uniaxial viscosity of gadolinium-doped ceria determined by discontinuous sinter forging

“…[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] By characterizing properties, such as bulk and shear viscosities (K p and G p , respectively) or uniaxial viscosity E p and viscous Poisson's ratio ν p , the sintering behaviour of bilayer components used in SOFC can be predicted. [26][27][28] In order to determine the viscosities, optical dilatometry, 20 cyclic loading 19,20 as well as discontinuous sinter forging [23][24][25] studies have been carried out. Using the viscoelastic analogy for the isotropic sintering bodies, the uniaxial viscosity can be determined from the free and axial strain rates (ε f andε z , respectively) measured along the direction of the applied stress σ z :…”

A consecutive decomposition–sintering dilatometer method to study the effect of limestone impurities on lime microstructure and its water reactivity

“…Due to this the A initial global sintering rate is less than the B one. 38 Hg porosimeter analysis, carried on the final sintered lime (see Fig. 7) nicely confirm that the packing of sample B is greater than the packing of sample A.…”

“…Evidently the initial lime sintering rate is dependent upon other microstructure variables. 38 The dilatometer technique allows to record the total length of the samples, which at the beginning of the sintering step is strongly connected with the spatial arrangements of the lime particles within a fixed total volume. Thus this parameter is connected with the packing of the lime grains inside this volume at the start-up of the sintering step.…”