Single Carrier Modulation With Nonlinear Frequency Domain Equalization: An Idea Whose Time Has Come—Again

Benvenuto, N.; Dinis, Rui; Falconer, D.D.; Tomasin, Stefano

doi:10.1109/jproc.2009.2031562

Cited by 379 publications

(246 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…54 The emerging SM design paradigm constitutes an attractive 55 low-complexity yet energy-efficiency option for the family of 56 LS-MIMO systems, due to its low-cost single-RF-based trans-57 mitter, as well as owing to its low-complexity single-stream 58 based detector and its ability to maintain the potential benefits 59 of multiple antennas [16]- [19]. The roots of the SM design phi- 60 losophy can be traced back to the combination-based frequency 61 hopping code division multiple access technique (FH-CDMA) 62 proposed in 1980 [20]- [22], where the combination pattern of 63 the frequency bins was used for conveying information, hence 64 resulting in an improved throughput. The first conference paper 65 on single-RF based SM was published in 2006 [23], but its 66 extensive research was mainly fueled by the pioneering works 67 of Haas et al [16]- [18], Mesleh et al [16], [24], [25], followed 68 based SM (OFDM-SM) schemes [60] and the related variants 126 may not be suitable for the family LS-MIMO.…”

Section: Ultiple-input Multiple-output (Mimo) Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-Carrier SM-MIMO: A Promising Design for Broadband Large-Scale Antenna Systems

Yang

Xiao

Guan

et al. 2016

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

217

102

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Section: Ultiple-input Multiple-output (Mimo) Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-Carrier SM-MIMO: A Promising Design for Broadband Large-Scale Antenna Systems

Yang

Xiao

Guan

et al. 2016

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

217

102

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“…where 2 was used to model a typical moderate-cost solid-state amplifier [40]. The factors max and are parameters that determine the amount of amplification and the point where saturation occurs.…”

Section: Amplificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

On Massive MIMO Base Stations with Low-End Hardware

Mollén¹

2016

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Massive MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) base stations have proven, both in theory and in practice, to possess many of the qualities that future wireless communication systems will require. They can provide equally high data rates throughout their coverage area and can concurrently serve multiple low-end handsets without requiring wider spectrum, denser base station deployment or significantly more power than current base stations. The main challenge of massive MIMO is the immense hardware complexity and cost of the base station-each element in the large antenna array needs to be individually controllable and therefore requires its own radio chain. To make massive MIMO commercially viable, the base station has to be built from inexpensive simple hardware. In this thesis, it is investigated how the use of low-end power amplifiers and analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) affects the performance of massive MIMO. In the study of the signal distortion from low-end amplifiers, it is shown that in-band distortion is negligible in massive MIMO and that out-of-band radiation is the limiting factor that decides what power efficiency the amplifiers can be operated at. A precoder that produces transmit signals for the downlink with constant envelope in continuous time is presented to allow for highly power efficient low-end amplifiers. Further, it is found that the out-of-band radiation is isotropic when the channel is frequency selective and when multiple users are served; and that it can be beamformed when the channel is frequency flat and when few users are served. Since a massive MIMO base station radiates less power than today's base stations, isotropic out-of-band radiation means that low-end hardware with poorer linearity than required today can be used in massive MIMO. It is also shown that using one-bit ADCs-the simplest and least power-hungry ADCs-at the base station only degrades the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio of the system by approximately 4 dB when proper power allocation among users is done, which indicates that massive MIMO is resistant against coarse quantization and that low-end ADCs can be used.iii iv SammanfattningMassiv-MIMO-basstationer (eng: Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) har visats, både i teori och praktik, besitta många av de egenskaper som framtida trådlösa kommunikationssystem kommer att behöva. De kan tillhandahålla enhetligt höga datatakter i hela täckningsområdet och simultant betjäna flera enkla mobilenheter utan att använda bredare spektrum, tätare basstationsplacering eller betydligt mer effekt än dagens basstationer. Huvudutmaningen med massiv MIMO är basstationens enorma hårdvarukomplex-itet och -kostnad -varje element i den stora gruppantennen skall kunna kontrolleras individuellt och kräver sålunda sin egen radiokedja. För att massiv MIMO skall bli kommersiellt attraktiv, måste basstationen byggas av billig, enkel hårdvara. I denna avhandling undersöks hur enkla effektförstärkare och analog-till-digital-omvandlare (AD-omvandlare) påverkar massiv-MIMO-systemets pr...

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“…The filtering can be performed through a zero forcing (ZF) or minimum meansquared error (MMSE) criterium, in which the MMSE presents better performances when compared with the ZF, due to the lower noise enhancement effects [7]. Although nonlinear equalizers are more complex than linear equalizers, it is known that they offer better performnce/complexity trade-offs [5]. The most promising nonlinear FDE is the iterative block decision feedback equalization (IB-DFE) [5,6], which is an iterative FDE implemented in the frequency-domain [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical BER Performance Evaluation in SISO and MIMO Environments with SC-FDE Modulations and IB-DFE Receivers

Ribeiro

Dinis

Cercas

et al. 2017

Wireless Pers Commun

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This paper presents the analysis of the obtainment of the theoretical bit error rate (BER) performance in single-input-single-output and multiple-input-multiple-output systems with single-carrier with frequency-domain equalization modulations and iterative receivers based on the iterative block decision feedback equalization concept. Through the consideration of a Gaussian-based approach to obtain the BER performance, we present a simple and accurate model to improve such method by compensating the difference between the theoretical performance results and the ones obtained by simulation.

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Single Carrier Modulation With Nonlinear Frequency Domain Equalization: An Idea Whose Time Has Come—Again

Abstract: In high-speed single-carrier digital communication systems, processing blocks of signals using Fast Fourier Transforms is an efficient way to equalize (compensate) for interference between transmitted symbols.

Cited by 379 publications

References 83 publications

Single-Carrier SM-MIMO: A Promising Design for Broadband Large-Scale Antenna Systems

Single-Carrier SM-MIMO: A Promising Design for Broadband Large-Scale Antenna Systems

On Massive MIMO Base Stations with Low-End Hardware

Analytical BER Performance Evaluation in SISO and MIMO Environments with SC-FDE Modulations and IB-DFE Receivers

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