Simultaneous Dynamic Blood Oxygen Level-Dependent Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Foot and Calf Muscles

Kos, Sebastian; Klarhöfer, Markus; Aschwanden, Markus; Scheffler, Klaus; Jacob, Augustinus Ludwig; Bilecen, Deniz

doi:10.1097/rli.0b013e3181b248f9

Cited by 33 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…14 Age-related changes in BOLD variables are still disputed 16,17 ; both these studies reported relatively low peak values in elderly subjects but contradictory findings for TTP. These 2 studies and the present study concur that mB can noninvasively distinguish non-PAOD and PAOD, the young and the elderly, and nonsmokers and smokers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14,16,17,22 We applied a conventional sphygmomanometer air cuff for the thigh (86 © 21 cm; Welch Allyn Japan, Tokyo, Japan) to the middle of the left thigh (Fig. 1a) (40-s rest phase), compressed the cuff by applying pressure of 50 mm Hg above the individual's brachial systolic blood pressure to induce ischemia (300-s ischemic phase), and then rapidly reduced compression by opening the air valve, provoking reactive hyperemia (360-s hyperemic phase) (Fig.…”

Section: Cuff-compression Paradigm For Reactive Hyperemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[7][8][9] Blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, an established functional imaging technique, 10,11 is widely used in neuroradiology to assess the function of organs such as the heart 12 and skeletal muscle. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] According to Ogawa's group, 10 the signal intensity (SI) of BOLD primarily reflects the concentrations of deoxyhemoglobin and oxyhemoglobin in the local microcir-culation. Inhomogeneity of the local magnetic field caused by paramagnetic deoxyhemoglobin in the microvasculature results in decreased apparent transverse relaxation time (T 2 *).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, oxyhemoglobin, a diamagnetic molecule, causes less signal dephasing. 17 Ischemia decreases oxygen saturation in the capillary bed and increases the concentration of deoxyhemoglobin, resulting in reduced BOLD SI, whereas hyperemia increases the concentration of oxyhemoglobin, resulting in increased BOLD SI. 20 Thus, changes in the response of BOLD SI to ischemia-reperfusion are useful imaging biomarkers of microcirculatory function and tissue oxygen metabolism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many other factors besides concentrations of oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin, including perfusion and capillary bed volume, affect BOLD SI. 18,21 Changes in dynamic skeletal muscle BOLD SI during ischemiareperfusion has been investigated in healthy volunteers 16,17 and disease states. 14,20 Noninvasive techniques are needed for assessing early stage vascular dysfunction, and BOLD MR is potentially such a technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamic Blood Oxygen Level-dependent MR Imaging of Muscle: Comparison of Postocclusive Reactive Hyperemia in Young Smokers and Nonsmokers

et al. 2015

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Purpose: The role of early stage functional assessment of muscle blood flow response (MFR) by dynamic muscle blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is unknown. We investigated the effect of smoking on vascular function according to MFR derived from dynamic muscle BOLD MR imaging during postocclusive reactive hyperemia in young smokers and nonsmokers.Methods: Sixteen healthy male volunteers (8 smokers, 8 nonsmokers; mean age, 30.4 « 4.6 years) underwent BOLD MR imaging of the left calf muscle. During reactive hyperemia provoked by a cuff-compression technique, we measured muscle BOLD (mB) using a 3-tesla single-shot multi-echo gradient-echo echo-planar imaging sequence. The 2 key mB variables in the reactive hyperemic phase that we studied were times to half hyperemic peak (T 1/2peak ) and peak (TTP), each measured from cuff deflation. We used the Welch test to assess differences in these between smokers and nonsmokers.Results: T 1/2peak and TTP were significantly longer in smokers (P < 0.05) in reactive hyperemia. T 1/2peak was 13.8 « 5.4 s in smokers and 7.6 « 1.5 s in nonsmokers, and TTP was 67.5 « 18.8 s in smokers and 45.4 « 7.1 s in nonsmokers.Conclusion: Dynamic BOLD MR imaging of calf muscle during postocclusive reactive hyperemia demonstrated statistically significant differences in T 1/2peak and TTP between young smokers and nonsmokers, indicating the presence of early stage smoking-related deterioration in MFR.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cuff-compression Paradigm For Reactive Hyperemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamic Blood Oxygen Level-dependent MR Imaging of Muscle: Comparison of Postocclusive Reactive Hyperemia in Young Smokers and Nonsmokers

et al. 2015

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Skeletal muscle BOLD MRI: From underlying physiological concepts to its usefulness in clinical conditions

Jacobi

Bongartz

Partovi

et al. 2012

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Blood oxygenation‐level dependent (BOLD) MRI has gained particular attention in functional brain imaging studies, where it can be used to localize areas of brain activation with high temporal resolution. To a higher degree than in the brain, skeletal muscles show extensive but transient alterations of blood flow between resting and activation state. Thus, there has been interest in the application of the BOLD effect in studying the physiology of skeletal muscles (healthy and diseased) and its possible application to clinical practice. This review outlines the potential of skeletal muscle BOLD MRI as a diagnostic tool for the evaluation of physiological and pathological alterations in the peripheral limb perfusion, such as in peripheral arterial occlusive disease. Moreover, current knowledge is summarized regarding the complex mechanisms eliciting BOLD effect in skeletal muscle. We describe technical fundaments of the procedure that should be taken into account when performing skeletal muscle BOLD MRI, including the most often applied paradigms to provoke BOLD signal changes and key parameters of the resulting time courses. Possible confounding effects in muscle BOLD imaging studies, like age, muscle fiber type, training state, and drug effects are also reviewed in detail. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;35:1253–1265. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Automatic model‐based analysis of skeletal muscle BOLD‐MRI in reactive hyperemia

Schewzow

Andreas

Moser

et al. 2012

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Simultaneous Dynamic Blood Oxygen Level-Dependent Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Foot and Calf Muscles

Abstract: Simultaneous BOLD-imaging of calf and foot muscles is feasible and reveals statistically significant age-related differences during ischemia and postocclusive hyperemia in healthy volunteers.

Cited by 33 publications

References 40 publications

Dynamic Blood Oxygen Level-dependent MR Imaging of Muscle: Comparison of Postocclusive Reactive Hyperemia in Young Smokers and Nonsmokers

Dynamic Blood Oxygen Level-dependent MR Imaging of Muscle: Comparison of Postocclusive Reactive Hyperemia in Young Smokers and Nonsmokers

Skeletal muscle BOLD MRI: From underlying physiological concepts to its usefulness in clinical conditions

Automatic model‐based analysis of skeletal muscle BOLD‐MRI in reactive hyperemia

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