Simultaneous determination of acetylsalicylic acid and salicylic acid in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography

Kees, Frieder; Jehnich, Doris; Grobecker, H.

doi:10.1016/0378-4347(95)00464-5

Cited by 93 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…However, the inhibition is competitive and significantly less potent (only 10% aspirin). It appears that hydrolysis of both drugs takes place in the gastrointestinal track and/or the liver because the hydrolytic metabolites, immediately following oral administration, are the predominant forms in the systemic circulation (Kees et al, 1996;Heestermans et al, 2006). In addition, the overall hydrolysis of both drugs exhibits a large interindividual variation (Slugg et al, 2000;Lares-Asseff et al, 2004), suggesting that the enzyme(s) for the hydrolysis is expressed differentially depending on individuals or there are polymorphic variants for this enzyme.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiplatelet Agents Aspirin and Clopidogrel Are Hydrolyzed by Distinct Carboxylesterases, and Clopidogrel Is Transesterificated in the Presence of Ethyl Alcohol

Tang

Mukundan²,

Yang³

et al. 2006

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

226

183

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Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) and clopidogrel are two major antithrombogenic agents that are widely used for the treatment and prevention of cerebro-and cardiovascular conditions such as stroke. Combined use produces enhanced therapeutic effect. Aspirin and clopidogrel both are esters, and hydrolysis leads to decreased or inactivated therapeutic activity. The aim of the study was to determine whether aspirin and clopidogrel are hydrolyzed by the same enzyme(s), thus reciprocally prolonging the antithrombogenic activity. To test this possibility, microsomes from the liver and intestine were assayed for the hydrolysis of aspirin and clopidogrel. In contrary to the hypothesis, aspirin and clopidogrel were hydrolyzed in a tissue-differential manner. Liver microsomes hydrolyzed both drugs, whereas intestinal microsomes hydrolyzed aspirin only. Consistent with the tissue distribution of two carboxylesterases human carboxylesterase (HCE) 1 and HCE2, recombinant HCE1 hydrolyzed clopidogrel, whereas recombinant HCE2 hydrolyzed aspirin. In addition, hydrolysis of clopidogrel among liver samples was correlated well with the level of HCE1, and hydrolysis of aspirin with HCE2. Certain natural variants differed from the wild-type enzymes on the hydrolysis of aspirin or clopidogrel. In the presence of ethyl alcohol, clopidogrel is converted to ethyl clopidogrel. Carboxylesterases are important pharmacological determinants for drugs containing ester linkages and exhibit a large interindividual variation. The isoform-specific hydrolysis of aspirin and clopidogrel suggests that these two antithrombogenic agents may have pharmacokinetic interactions with different sets of ester drugs, and the altered hydrolysis by polymorphic mutants provides a molecular explanation to the interindividual variation.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiplatelet Agents Aspirin and Clopidogrel Are Hydrolyzed by Distinct Carboxylesterases, and Clopidogrel Is Transesterificated in the Presence of Ethyl Alcohol

Tang

Mukundan²,

Yang³

et al. 2006

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

226

183

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“…Unfortunately, these data are rather incomplete and often contradictory (Swain 1988, which might be associated with the lack of the relatively cheap, fast, and simple method that allows the routine determination of salicylates in a wide range of food products. Most of the existing methods are dedicated to analyze cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, plasma, or urine (Mikami et al 2002, Torriero et al 2004, Vree et al 1994, Kees and Jehnich 1996, Salinas et al 1990, where due to the uncomplicated matrix with a low content of interfering substances and rather large content of an analyte, essential sample preparation process is not required. In turn, only a limited number of the protocols have been developed for the determination of free SA or its derivatives in foods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simple and Robust Protocol for fast RP-HPLC Determination of Salicylates in Foods

Szkop

Kęszycka

et al. 2016

Food Anal. Methods

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In this methodological report, we present a simple, versatile, and reliable procedure for quantitative determination of free and conjugated forms of salicylic acid (SA) in various food products using reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) with fluorescence detection. The presented sample preparation protocol is considerably simplified in comparison to procedures applied previously and is based on three simple and fast extraction steps providing a supreme tool for large-scale routine assays. The limits of detection were approximately 0.021 μg g −1 of dried weight for spices, lyophilized fruits, or vegetables, and 0.001 μg ml −1 for beverages. The recoveries of the spiked SA were in the range of 87.6 to 96.6 % for all studied products. Applicability of the method was verified by the analysis of salicylate content in a wide range of products including spices (curry, oregano, red pepper), beverages (beer, brewed tea, milk, wine), lyophilized fruits (apricot, strawberry, watermelon), and vegetables (cucumber, tomato).

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“…Для предотвращения гидролиза АСК в образцы добавляют неспецифические ингибиторы холинэстеразы, например, фторид калия [15], сни-жают рН и температуру проб [16,17]. Для подготов-ки проб образцов, содержащих АСК, используют методы осаждения белков [16,17], жидкостной [18,19] и твердофазной экстракции [20], а также сочета-ние этих методов.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Методы количественного определения АСК и СК сводятся в большинстве случаев к ВЭЖХ-детек-тированию в УФ-области спектра [17,18]. Однако их отличает низкая степень извлечения определяе-мых веществ и недостаточная селективность.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Creating a Prolonged Form of Acetylsalicylic Acid: An Experimental Approach

Севастьянов

Попов

Белов³

et al. 2016

RJTAO

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1 ФГБУ «Федеральный научный центр трансплантологии и искусственных органов имени академика В.И. Шумакова» Минздрава России, Москва, Российская Федерация 2 ФГБУН «Институт проблем лазерных и информационных технологий РАН», Москва, Российская Федерация 3 АНО «Институт медико-биологических исследований и технологий», Москва, Российская Федерация Цель. Разработка инкапсулированной в полимерные высокопористые микроносители пролонгирован-ной формы ацетилсалициловой кислоты (АСК) с использованием сверхкритического диоксида углерода и последующим изучением методом ВЭЖХ кинетики высвобождения АСК in vitro и in vivo. Матери-алы и методы. В качестве полимерных носителей для инкапсуляции АСК были выбраны аморфные D,L-полилактиды (ПЛ) и полилактогликолиды (ПЛГ) марок PURASORB PDL02 и PDLG7502 («PURAC Biochem bv», Нидерланды). Инкапсуляцию АСК проводили с использованием процесса сверхкритичес-кого флюидного формирования методом PGSS (Particles from Gas Saturated Solutions) мелкодисперсных (20-50 мкм) биорезорбируемых порошков алифатических полиэфиров, содержащих 10 масс.% АСК. Кинетику высвобождения АСК из полимерных микрочастиц в физиологический раствор и фармакоки-нетические исследования in vivo (кролики) регистрировали методом ВЭЖХ. Результаты. Разработана методика количественного определения АСК и ее основного метаболита салициловой кислоты (СК) в мо-дельном растворе и плазме крови методом ВЭЖХ с УФ-детектированием с улучшенной пробоподготовкой и селективностью. Аналитический диапазон методики без учета разбавления составил 0,05-5,0 мкг/мл для модельного раствора и 0,2-10,0 мкг/мл для плазмы крови; степень извлечения АСК СК из плазмы крови -95,8 и 98,1% соответственно. Показано, что количество АСК, высвободившегося из ПЛ в течение первых 4 ч, примерно на 25% превышает массу АСК, выделившегося из ПЛГ, что может служить обос-нованием выбора ПЛГ в качестве носителя для создания пролонгированной формы АСК. Фармакокине-тические исследования (кролики, n = 3) показали постепенное высвобождение АСК из микрочастиц ПЛГ в течение 24 ч после внутримышечной имплантации инкапсулированной формы АСК в дозе 10 мг/кг. За-ключение. Полученные методом PGSS экспериментальные образцы высокопористых мелкодисперсных порошков ПЛГ, содержащие до 10 масс.% АСК, могут служить исходными прототипами для разработки и создания на их основе пролонгированной формы АСК.

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Simultaneous determination of acetylsalicylic acid and salicylic acid in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography

Cited by 93 publications

References 16 publications

Antiplatelet Agents Aspirin and Clopidogrel Are Hydrolyzed by Distinct Carboxylesterases, and Clopidogrel Is Transesterificated in the Presence of Ethyl Alcohol

Antiplatelet Agents Aspirin and Clopidogrel Are Hydrolyzed by Distinct Carboxylesterases, and Clopidogrel Is Transesterificated in the Presence of Ethyl Alcohol

A Simple and Robust Protocol for fast RP-HPLC Determination of Salicylates in Foods

Creating a Prolonged Form of Acetylsalicylic Acid: An Experimental Approach

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