Simultaneous Allocation of Charging Stations and Capacitors in Distribution Networks Improving Voltage and Power Loss

Abstract

One of the prominent concerns of big cities is greenhouse gas emission due to internal combustion engines of fossil fuel vehicles. Facilitating global deployment by electric vehicles is considered as a promising pathway to greenhouse gas reduction and energy security. In order to supply the vehicles, charging stations (CS) are necessitated as inevitable requirements. Inappropriate place and size of CS cause some new technical challenges, such as voltage deviation and an increase in power loss. This paper presents optimal planning of CS in presence of capacitors (CAP) to maintain voltage and improve power loss in electrical distribution networks. Simulation is carried out on a 34-bus radial distribution network. A genetic algorithm is employed to solve the optimization problem. Results demonstrate the effect of optimal planning of CS and CAP on power loss and voltage profile in electric distribution networks.Résumé-Une des préoccupations majeures des grandes villes est l'émission de gaz à effet de serre due aux moteurs à combustion interne de véhicules à carburant fossile. Faciliter le déploiement mondial des véhicules électriques est considéré comme une voie prometteuse pour la réduction des gaz à effet de serre et la sécurité énergétique. Afin d'alimenter les véhicules, des stations de recharge (SR) sont nécessaires. Par contre, le lieu de placement et la taille inappropriés des SR causent de nouveaux défis techniques, tels que la variation de la tension et la perte de puissance. Cet article présente une planification optimale des SR, en présence de condensateurs (CAP) pour maintenir la tension stable et réduire la perte de puissance dans les réseaux de distribution électrique. La simulation est réalisée sur un réseau de distribution radiale de 34 lignes. Un algorithme génétique est utilisé pour résoudre le problème d'optimisation. Les résultats démontrent l'effet de la planification optimale des SR et de CAP sur la perte de puissance et de profil de tension dans les réseaux de distribution électrique.Index Terms-Capacitor (CAP) placement, charging station (CS) placement, electric distribution network, loss, voltage profile.

Simultaneous Planning of PEV Charging Stations and DGs Considering Financial, Technical,and Environmental Effects

“…In this paper, we use backward-forward sweep method for calculating current and voltage of each bus according to resistance R(br) and reactance of each branch X (br) [27]. This technique is summarized in optimal power flow session.…”

“…In power distribution network, due to network characteristics, such as high ratio of resistance of each branch to reactance of each branch, the backward-forward sweep method is employed to calculate the current of each branch [27]. Considering electrical line characteristics and the amount of consumption and generation in each bus or node, current of each line or branch is computed by the backward-forward sweep method.…”

Strategies for Implementing Public Service Electric Bus Lines by Charging Type in Daegu Metropolitan City, South Korea

“…However, the proposed analyses are limited because all of the electric buses are assumed to have the same charging type. On the other hand, meta-heuristic solutions using approaches, such as genetic algorithms, have been delivered for constructing charging infrastructure for electric vehicles [11,[20][21][22][23]. Still, these solutions can only be applied under specific conditions, although the distance between charging locations was optimized and the charging infrastructure cost was minimized.…”

Minimizing Harmonic Distortion Impact at Distribution System with Considering Large‐Scale EV Load Behaviour Using Modified Lightning Search Algorithm and Pareto‐Fuzzy Approach

“…Equations (1) and (2) represent the line impedance formulation and the impedance for single-tuned filter at harmonic ℎ, respectively, which indirectly caters for resonance impact. Equations (3), (4), and (5) show the impedance formulation for the load used in setting up the harmonic admittance matrix. The harmonic flow is calculated using (6), which consists of harmonic admittance matrix and harmonic current injection as per (7) and (8).…”

“…However, power losses will increase when a large number of unplanned CS are installed. Furthermore, it will also introduce harmonic distortion due to the power electronic devices that convert alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) at CS [3,4]. This harmonic distortion will cause negative impact such as increment heating losses, shorter insulation lifespan, increased temperature and insulation stress, decreased power factor, and lower efficiency [5,6].…”