Simulation of Water Sources and Precipitation Recycling for the MacKenzie, Mississippi, and Amazon River Basins

Bosilovich, Michael G.; Chern, J.

doi:10.1175/jhm501.1

Cited by 86 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…1, right-hand column). Our results compare well with those of Bosilovich and Chern (2006) and of Van der Ent and Savenije (2013). Bosilovich and Chern (2006) made use of a 50 year atmospheric general circulation model simulation including water vapour tracers to investigate the water budget for the Amazon River and its respective sources of water.…”

Section: Annual Cyclesupporting

confidence: 71%

“…Our results compare well with those of Bosilovich and Chern (2006) and of Van der Ent and Savenije (2013). Bosilovich and Chern (2006) made use of a 50 year atmospheric general circulation model simulation including water vapour tracers to investigate the water budget for the Amazon River and its respective sources of water. These authors also noted the importance of the South Atlantic Ocean in providing moisture to the Amazon Basin throughout the year, except during the austral summer when the contribution of the tropical North Atlantic dominates.…”

Section: Annual Cyclesupporting

confidence: 71%

“…Van der Ent et al (2010) verified that the La Plata Basin relies on evaporation from the Amazon forest for 70 % of its water resources. Bosilovich and Chern (2006) suggested that evaporation from the Amazon Basin exhibits slight interannual variations, and in turn the interannual variation of precipitation recycling is therefore related to atmospheric moisture transport from the tropical South Atlantic Ocean.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of the Amazon Basin moisture in the atmospheric branch of the hydrological cycle: a Lagrangian analysis

Drumond

Marengo

Ambrizzi

et al. 2014

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

127

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Abstract. We used a Lagrangian model (FLEXPART) together with the 1979-2012 ERA-Interim reanalysis data to investigate the role of the moisture in the Amazon Basin in the regional hydrological budget over the course of the year. FLEXPART computes budgets of evaporation minus precipitation by calculating changes in the specific humidity along forward and backward trajectories. The tropical Atlantic is the most important remote moisture source for the Amazon Basin. The tropical North Atlantic (NA) mainly contributed during the austral summer, while the contribution of the tropical South Atlantic (SA) prevailed for the remainder of the year. At the same time, the moisture contribution from the Amazon Basin itself is mainly for moisture supplying the southeastern South America. The 33-year temporal domain allowed the investigation of some aspects of the interannual variability of the moisture transport over the basin, such as the role of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Atlantic Meridional Mode (AMM) on the hydrological budget. During the peak of the Amazonian rainy season (from February to May, FMAM) the AMM is associated more with the interannual variations in the contribution from the tropical Atlantic sources, while the transport from the basin towards the subtropics responds more to the ENSO variability. The moisture contribution prevailed from the SA (NA) region in the years dominated by El Niño/positive AMM (La Niña/negative AMM) conditions. The transport from the Amazon towards the subtropics increased (reduced) during El Niño (La Niña) years.

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Section: Annual Cyclesupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Annual Cyclesupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The role of the Amazon Basin moisture in the atmospheric branch of the hydrological cycle: a Lagrangian analysis

Drumond

Marengo

Ambrizzi

et al. 2014

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

127

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Land-atmosphere interactions also play a key role in the meteorological and hydrological variability at different time scales from weeks to decades (Avissar and Werth, 2005;Milly et al, 2005;Bosilovich and Chern, 2006;Guo et al, 2006;Koster et al, 2006). Inadequate representation of surface fluxes and their dependence on surface conditions are among the key sources of uncertainties in quantifying regional hydroclimate (Koster and Milly, 1997;Gedney et al, 2000;Boone et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining water sources in the boundary layer from tall tower profiles of water vapor and surface water isotope ratios after a snowstorm in Colorado

et al. 2013

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The D/H isotope ratio is used to attribute boundary layer humidity changes to the set of contributing fluxes for a case following a snowstorm in which a snow pack of about 10 cm vanished. Profiles of H2O and CO2 mixing ratio, D/H isotope ratio, and several thermodynamic properties were measured from the surface to 300 m every 15 min during four winter days near Boulder, Colorado. Coeval analysis of the D/H ratios and CO2 concentrations find these two variables to be complementary with the former being sensitive to daytime surface fluxes and the latter particularly indicative of nocturnal surface sources. Together they capture evidence for strong vertical mixing during the day, weaker mixing by turbulent bursts and low level jets within the nocturnal stable boundary layer during the night, and frost formation in the morning. The profiles are generally not well described with a gradient mixing line analysis because D/H ratios of the end members (i.e., surface fluxes and the free troposphere) evolve throughout the day which leads to large uncertainties in the estimate of the D/H ratio of surface water flux. A mass balance model is constructed for the snow pack, and constrained with observations to provide an optimal estimate of the partitioning of the surface water flux into contributions from sublimation, evaporation of melt water in the snow and evaporation from ponds. Results show that while vapor measurements are important in constraining surface fluxes, measurements of the source reservoirs (soil water, snow pack and standing liquid) offer stronger constraint on the surface water balance. Measurements of surface water are therefore essential in developing observational programs that seek to use isotopic data for flux attribution

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“…Many of them are based on the atmospheric water balance (Brubaker et al 1993;Budyko 1974;Eltahir and Bras 1994), which usually assumes vertically well-mixed atmospheric moisture and neglects monthly variations of atmospheric moisture content, as they are normally much smaller than the evaporated and advected moisture fluxes. Alternative methods trace evaporated water molecules as they are advected in the atmosphere and later precipitate inside or outside the delimited domain (Bosilovich and Chern 2006;Dirmeyer and Brubaker 1999;Koster et al 1986); these water-vapor tracers are generally imbedded within global climate models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of boreal hydroelectric reservoirs on seasonal climate and precipitation recycling as simulated by the CRCM5: a case study of the La Grande River watershed, Canada

Irambona¹,

Music

Nadeau

et al. 2016

Theor Appl Climatol

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Located in northern Quebec, Canada, eight hydroelectric reservoirs of a 9782-km 2 maximal area cover 6.4% of the La Grande watershed. This study investigates the changes brought by the impoundment of these reservoirs on seasonal climate and precipitation recycling. Two 30-year climate simulations, corresponding to pre-and post-impoundment conditions, were used. They were generated with the fifthgeneration Canadian Regional Climate Model (CRCM5), fully coupled to a 1D lake model (FLake). Seasonal temperatures and annual energy budget were generally well reproduced by the model, except in spring when a cold bias, probably related to the overestimation of snow cover, was seen. The difference in 2-m temperature shows that reservoirs induce localized warming in winter (+0.7 ± 0.02°C) and cooling in the summer (−0.3 ± 0.02°C). The available energy at the surface increases throughout the year, mostly due to a decrease in surface albedo. Fall latent and sensible heat fluxes are enhanced due to additional energy storage and availability in summer and spring. The changes in precipitation and runoff are within the model internal variability. At the watershed scale, reservoirs induce an additional evaporation of only 5.9 mm year −1 (2%). We use Brubaker's precipitation recycling model to estimate how much of the precipitation is recycled within the watershed. In both simulations, the maximal precipitation recycling occurs in July (less than 6%), indicating weak land-atmosphere coupling. Reservoirs do not seem to affect this coupling, as precipitation recycling only decreased by 0.6% in July.

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Simulation of Water Sources and Precipitation Recycling for the MacKenzie, Mississippi, and Amazon River Basins

Cited by 86 publications

References 40 publications

The role of the Amazon Basin moisture in the atmospheric branch of the hydrological cycle: a Lagrangian analysis

The role of the Amazon Basin moisture in the atmospheric branch of the hydrological cycle: a Lagrangian analysis

Determining water sources in the boundary layer from tall tower profiles of water vapor and surface water isotope ratios after a snowstorm in Colorado

Impacts of boreal hydroelectric reservoirs on seasonal climate and precipitation recycling as simulated by the CRCM5: a case study of the La Grande River watershed, Canada

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