Simulating the impact of extreme heat and frost events on wheat crop production: A review

Barlow, Kirsten; Christy, Brendan; O’Leary, G.; Riffkin, Penny; Nuttall, James G.

doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2014.11.010

Cited by 423 publications

(231 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…In addition, when heat occurs at the time of flowering it can reduce the vitality of the pollen and fertilization during pollen formation (Barlow et al, 2015;Draeger & Moore, 2017). Instead, during the grain filling period, heat stress reduces grain size and its weight (Dias & Lidon, 2009).…”

Section: Traits To Be Targeted By Durum Wheat Breeders To Increase Tomentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat Tolerance of Durum Wheat (Tritcum durum Desf.) Elite Germplasm Tested along the Senegal River

Sall¹,

Cissé²,

Gueye³

et al. 2018

JAS

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The research is financed by Swedish Research Council (Vetenskapsradet) U-Forsk2013, "Deployment of molecular durum breeding to the Senegal Basin: capacity building to face global warming". AbstractThe Senegal River basin (Guinea, Mali, Mauritania, and Senegal) is a key agricultural production area in sub-Saharan Africa. Here, rice fields are left fallow during the cooler winter season, when the night temperatures reach 16 °C but the maximum daily temperatures remain above 30 °C. This season was used for the first time to conduct multi-environmental trials of durum wheat. Twenty-four elite breeding lines and cultivars were tested for adaptation during seasons 2014-15 and 2015-16 at two stations: Kaedi, Mauritania and Fanaye, Senegal. Phenological traits, grain yield and its components were recorded. Top grain yield was recorded at 5,330 kg ha -1 and the average yield at 2,484 kg ha -1 . The season lasted just 90 days from sowing to harvest. Dissection of the yield in its components revealed that biomass and spike fertility (i.e. number of seeds produced per spike) were the most critical traits for adaptation to these warm conditions. This second trait was confirmed in a validation experiment conducted in 2016-17 at the same two sites. Genotype × environment interaction was dissected by AMMI model, and the derived IPC values used to derive an 'AMMI wide adaptation index' (AWAI) to asses yield stability. The use of a selection index that combined adjusted means of yield and AWAI identified three genotypes as the most stable and high yielding: 'Bani Suef 5', 'DAWRyT118', and 'DAWRyT123'. The last two genotypes were also confirmed among the best in a validation trial conducted in season 2016-17. The data presented here are meant to introduce to the breeding community the use of these two research stations along the Senegal River for assessing heat tolerance of wheat or other winter cereals, as well as presenting two new ideal germplasm sources for heat tolerance, and the identification of spike fertility as the key trait controlling adaptation to heat stress.

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Section: Traits To Be Targeted By Durum Wheat Breeders To Increase Tomentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat Tolerance of Durum Wheat (Tritcum durum Desf.) Elite Germplasm Tested along the Senegal River

Sall¹,

Cissé²,

Gueye³

et al. 2018

JAS

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“…This result corresponds with the same response shown by Brown et al (2009) and indicates the minimum water requirement of lucerne to sustain leaf area expansion and growth. Canopy expansion rates below the potential were most likely limited by other factors, such as frost damage which increases the rate of leaf senescence (Barlow et al 2015) which was observed in the autumn regrowth cycles and preferential partitioning of assimilate to perennial organs in response to drought (Sim et al 2015).…”

Section: Lucerne Transpiration Demandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil water extraction patterns of lucerne grown on stony soils

et al. 2016

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Background and aims Lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) is often grown under water-limited production conditions due to its capacity to extract water from deep soil layers through an extensive taproot system. These soils often contain stones which cause the roots to become unevenly distributed due to displacement by rock fragments. To improve the estimation of water use by lucerne grown in stony soils, we investigated the temporal pattern of water supply and demand, and how this influences crop growth. Methods Naturally occurring stones in the silt loam soil profile were used to reduce the plant available water capacity for three lucerne crops. The Monteith model was fitted against observed soil water to obtain estimates of the extraction rate constant (kl, day −1 ) and extraction front velocity (EFV, mm day −1 ) of lucerne roots. Crop water demand was represented by transpiration losses driven by intercepted solar radiation based on the Bcanopy conductance^approach. Results The Monteith model described the pattern of water extraction for lucerne grown on stony soils. However, a single, constant kl and EFV were inappropriate for characterising water extraction. The main physiological responses to water stress were (i) a reduction in canopy conductance, (ii) a reduction in canopy expansion and (iii) the rearrangement of leaves into a more vertical position. Conclusion This study validated frameworks to quantify lucerne water extraction and transpiration demand which can be used to improve the estimation of water use by lucerne crops.

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“…While wheat is also affected by frost (Barlow et al 2013), this is not examined in this study since the micro-scale meteorological processes that contribute to frost's occurrence cannot be captured in the gridded data. Nicholls (1997) suggests that 30-50 per cent of observed increases in wheat yields in some regions since 1952 may be due to increases in minimum temperature.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Barlow et al (2013) and Alexander et al (2010) suggest that 35°C is an appropriate threshold, whilst Luo (2011) finds that temperatures above 32.7 o C during the period of sowing to emergence, and 35.2 o C for grain filling (the growth stage where carbohydrates and protein stores increase within the grain), are detrimental to wheat. Asseng et al (2011) and Lobell et al (2012) both use a 34 o C threshold, with Asseng et al (2011) finding that this temperature corresponds to a 50 per cent reduction in wheat yields.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%