Simulating allele frequency changes in Indonesian goat crossbreeding scenarios

Abstract

This study was aimed to predict heterozygosity related to body weight (BW) trait from simulation of allele frequency changes in five crossbreeding scenario of Indonesian goat breed, namely Indonesian goat called Jawarandu (Etawah grade ♂ >< Kacang ♀), Boer (Boer ♂ >< Boer ♀), Boerja F1 (Boer ♂ >< Jawarandu ♀), Boerja F2 (Boer ♂ >< Boerja F1♀) and Boerja F3 (Boer ♂ >< Boerja F2 ♀). Allele frequency simulation was conducted, the heterozygosity were estimated and the associations to observed BW were measured from corresponding goat samples. BW (kg) data was retrieved from 1.5-year-old goats from the studied samples. In this study, allele that control BW trait was coded as “B” for high and “b” for low BW. The initial allele frequencies in Jawarandu were set as (B=0.45; b=0.55) and in Boer were (B=0.7; b=0.3). The simulation resulted in allele frequency in Boerja F1 were (B=0.57; b=0.43), F2 (B=0.64; b=0.36) and F3 (B=0.67; b=0.33). The estimated heterozygosity values were 0.54 0.42; 0.52; 0.47 and 0.44 in Jawarandu, Boer, F1, F2 and F3 respectively. Whereas the respective average of observed BW was 30.50±4.50; 49.50±5.90; 41.80±4.10; 41.60±3.60; and 39.80±3.20 kg. We confirmed that crossbreeding changes the heterozygosity in our simulation study.

Estimation of genetic parameters for weaning and yearling weights in a composite population used to form the Purunã breed

“…Heterosis effects has immense importance in the performance of crossbreeds in many production systems (Schiermiester et al, 2015;Otto et al, 2018;Prastowo et al, 2021). Although the genetic basis of heterosis is still a subject of investigation, its effect is difficult to quantify.…”

“…Although the genetic basis of heterosis is still a subject of investigation, its effect is difficult to quantify. Thus, heterozygosity, which represents the proportion of heterozygote genotypes in the population, may be a useful indicator and has been often used to evaluate the degree of heterosis (Akanno et al, 2018;Iversen et al, 2019;Prastowo et al, 2021). According to Queiroz et al (2013), heterozygosity has a significant effect on performance traits in Brangus animals and its inclusion in the model may improve prediction accuracy (Raidan et al, 2018).…”