This study was carried out to evaluate fi nal weight, carcass characteristics, chemical composition and fatty acid profi le in Longissimus muscle

. 1992. Comparison of nonlinear functions for describing the growth curves of three genotypes of dairy cattle. Can. J. Anim. . The Richards (RCD), the Gompertz (GMP), the monomolecular (MON) and the logistic (LOG) functions were compared for describing the growth curve of 343 female dairy cattle for which 12-18 body-weight measures were available. The animals were divided into four groups, and each function was assigned to one of the groups. Analyses of variance of growth traits estimated by the four functions and of the residual mean iquaies (RMS) indicated that all differences between functions in estimated mature weight (24) were stitistically significant (P < 0.01 to P < 0.0001) except for RCD vs. GMP (P < 0.27). Differences between functions in RMS were significant for RCD vs. LOG (P < 0.0026), MON vs. LOG (P < 0.0044) and GMP vs. LOG (P < 0.0584). RCD differed from all other functions in average lifetime growth rate (P < 0.1 to P < 0.0001) and from MON (P < 0.0004) and GMP (P < 0. (MON) et la fonction logistique (LOG) ont 6td compar6es pour la description de la courbe de croissance chez 343 bovins laitiers femelles pour lesquels on disposait des donn6es de 12 it l8 pes6es.Les animaux 6taient r6partis entre quatre groupes, chaque fonction 6tant affect6e I un groupe. Les analyses de la variance des caractbres de croissance estim6es par les quatre fonctions ainsi que les carr6es moyens r6siduels (RMC), r6vdlent que toutes les diff6rences entre les fonctions pour I'estimation du poids )r l'dge adulte (A) 6taient statistiquement significatives (P < 0,01 a P < 0,0001), sauf pour la comparaison RCD contre GMP (P < 0,27) . Les diff6rences de RMS entre les fonctions 6taient significatives pour les comparaisons RCD-LOG (P < 0,0026), MON-LOG (P < 0,0044) et GMP-LOG (P < 0,0584). RCD diff6rait de toutes les autres fonctions pour la pr6diction du taux de croissance moyenne i vie (P < 0,01 e P < 0,0001) et de MON (P < 0,0004) et de GMP (P < 0,0003)

This experiment was carried out to study the carcass characteristics, chemical composition and fatty acid profile of the Longissimus muscle (LM) of bulls (10) and steers (17) finished in a pasture system. Animals (1/2 Zebu vs. 1/2 Aberdeen Angus) were fed in a pasture system (Hermatria altissima) and with a supplement of soybean meal, cracked corn, urea, limestone and mineral salts, twice a day. Both animal groups were slaughtered at 27 months of age, with an average 508.88 kg of live weight. Final weight, hot carcass weight and texture were similar (p>0.05) between bulls and steers. Carcass dressing, fat thickness, color and marbling were higher (p<0.02) in steers. Conversely, the Longissimus area was greater (p<0.05) in bulls. Moisture levels were higher (p<0.01) in bulls. Ash, crude protein, total lipids and total cholesterol levels were higher (p<0.10) in steers. C14:0, C16:0, C16:1 n-7 and C18:1 n-9 fatty acids percentages were higher (p<0.06) in steers.

This work was carried out to study the carcass characteristics, the chemical composition and the fatty acid profile in Longissimus muscle (LM) of bull breeds Nellore, NEL (11), Caracu, CAR (12) and Holstein-Friesian, HFR (12) finished in a feedlot. The bulls were fed twice a day with corn silage, cotton meal, cracked corn, urea, limestone and mineral salt. NEL and CAR bulls had similar (p>0.05) final weight and hot carcass weight. However, NEL and CAR bulls had higher (p<0.05) final weight and hot carcass weight than HFR bulls. Carcass hot dressing, carcass conformation, cushion thickness, Longissimus muscle area and texture were similar (p>0.05) among NEL, CAR and HFR bulls. NEL and HFR bulls had higher (p<0.05) carcass length in comparison to the CAR breed. Nellore breed had higher (p<0.05) leg length in comparison to CAR and HFR breeds. Leg length was similar (p>0.05) between CAR and HFR breeds. Thickness fat, color and marbling score were lower (p<0.05) in NEL breed in comparison to CAR and HFR breeds. LM of NEL bulls had higher (p<0.05) meat moisture content in comparison to CAR and HFR bulls. In contrast, lipid content was lower (p<0.10) in HFR bulls. LM ash and crude protein contents were similar (p>0.05) among breeds. Saturated fatty acids (SFA) were higher (p<0.10) in HFR animals. Monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), n-6, n-3 and PUFA/SFA ratio were similar (p>0.05) among the different breeds. N-6/n-3 ratio was higher (p<0.05) in CAR animals.

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This experiment was carried out to evaluate performance and carcass characteristics of 40 crossbred young bulls (Zebu×European) finished in a feedlot under two roughage sources (Bermuda grass hay or sorghum silage) with or without the addition of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisae). The bulls were 20 months old, their initial average weight was 356 kg and they were allocated into four groups of ten animals. The experimental diets were Bermuda grass, Bermuda grass+yeast, sorghum silage and sorghum silage +yeast. Animal performance and carcass characteristics were not influenced by roughage source or yeast addition. The average daily weight gain was 1.50 kg, dry matter intake (DMI) was 11.1 kg/d, DMI as percentage of liveweight was 2.60% and feed dry matter conversion was 7.70. The mean dressing percentage was 52.0% and hot carcass weight was 268 kg. Carcass conformation was classified between good-minus to good. Carcass length (137 cm), leg length (72.9 cm) and cushion thickness (26.6 cm) were not influenced by treatments. The average fat thickness was 3.80 mm and the Longissimus muscle area was 66.9 cm 2 . The classification of color, texture and marbling were slightly dark red to red, fine and slight-minus to light-typical, respectively. The mean percentage of bone, muscle and fat in the carcass was 15.5%, 62.3% and 22.5%, respectively. Yeast addition increased γ-linolenic fatty acid (0.15 vs. 0.11%) deposition. Bermuda grass hay increased deposition of α-linolenic (0.49 vs. 0.41%), arachidonic (2.30 vs. 1.57%), eicosapentaenoic (0.41 vs. 0.29%), docosapentaenoic (0.80 vs. 0.62%), docosahexaenoic (0.11 vs. 0.06%) and n-3 fatty acids, and reduced n-6: n-3 ratio in meat, when compared to sorghum silage treatments. The treatments had no effect on saturated fatty acids (49.5%), polyunsaturated fatty acids (11.8%), n-6 fatty acids (9.87%), n-3 (1.61%) and PUFA:SFA ratio (0.24). Monounsaturated fatty acid levels were higher on sorghum silage (40.7 vs. 37.7%). The addition of yeast caused higher n-6: n-3 ratio (7.28 vs. 5.70) than treatments without yeast.

RESUMO -O experimento foi realizado com o objetivo de estudar o efeito da substituição do milho pelo resíduo úmido da extração da fécula de mandioca nas proporções de 0, 25, 50, 75 e 100% na matéria seca na dieta sobre as características da carcaça e da carne de bovinos de corte. Foram utilizados 40 animais cruzados (½ e ¾Europeu/Zebu), não-castrados, com 21 meses de idade e pesos médios inicial e final, de 363 e 570 kg, respectivamente, distribuídos em um delineamento em blocos, com oito repetições por tratamento. Não houve efeito dos tratamentos sobre as características avaliadas, cujos valores médios obtidos foram: rendimento de carcaça quente, 54,79%; conformação, 12,32 (bom +); comprimento de carcaça, 132,5 cm; espessura de coxão, 28,12 cm; área do Longissimus dorsi, 79,25 cm; porcentagens de osso, 15,51%, de músculo, 64,17%, de gordura, 20,85%; relação músculo + gordura/osso, 5,52; porcentagem da porção comestível, 85,07%; espessura da camada de gordura de cobertura, 4,02 mm; marmoreio, 3,9 (leve -). A composição química da carne não diferiu entre as dietas, com médias de 1,01; 19,16 e 2,24%, respectivamente para cinzas, proteína e matéria graxa total. Houve diferença significativa para umidade, com a maior porcentagem para a dieta com 50% de substituição (74,67%) e a menor para a dieta com 25% (72,89%), ficando as demais com valores intermediários. Não houve influência dos tratamentos sobre as demais variáveis. Os valores médios indicam carcaças com características desejáveis para o mercado.Palavras-chave: alimentação animal, bovinos de corte, qualidade da carne, resíduo de mandioca, valor nutritivo Effects of Replacing Corn with Increasing Levels of Cassava Starch By-products on Carcass Characteristics and Meat for Young BullsABSTRACT -This trial was conducted to study the effects of replacing corn with increasing levels of cassava starch by-products on carcass and meat characteritics for fedlot young bulls. Percentages of substitution were 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100, in dry matter basis. Forty crossbred bulls (½ and ¾ Bos taurus x Bos índicus), averaging 21 months old and 363 kg of initial body weight and 570 kg of final body weight were assigned to a block design with eight replicates by treatment. No effect of treatment on carcass traits was detected. The averages were as follows: carcass yield, 54.79%; conformation, 12.32 (good +); carcass length, 132.5 cm; cushion thickness, 28.12 cm; ribeye area, 79.25 cm 2 ; porcentages of bone, 15.51%, of muscle, 64.12%, and of fat, 20.85%; muscle + fat/bone relation , 5.52; edible portion percentage, 85.07%; fat thickness, 4.02 mm; and marbling, 3.9 (light -). No effect of treatment on chemical composition of meat was detected, with averages of 1.01; 19.16 and 2.24%, respectively, for ash, protein, and fat. There was significant difference for humidity, with higher percentage for 50% replacement diet (74.67%) and lower for 25% replacement diet (72.89%). IntroduçãoA abertura do mercado nacional vem provocando acentuado incremento na tecnificação de alguns setores da...