Simulated childbirth injuries in an inbred rat strain

Woo, Lynn L.; Hijaz, Adonis; Pan, Hui; Kuang, Mei; Rackley, Raymond R.; Damaser, Margot S.

doi:10.1002/nau.20644

Cited by 23 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…These results are similar to two previous studies by Woo et al, 22,23 who demonstrated a noticeable up-regulation of MCP-3 in the rat urethra and vagina immediately after VD. However, in contrast to our findings, Woo et al did not observe up-regulation of MCP-3 in the bladder specimens.…”

Section: Commentsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The lack of differences in rectal MCP-3 expression after VD injury in our study is consistent with the findings of Woo et al, 22,23 but is in contrast to the findings of Wood et al 13 who observed a 21-fold increase in relative MCP-3 expression in the rectum immediately after VD injury. It should be noted, however, that in the Wood study this difference was only seen after 4 hours of sustained VD injury, as there was no relative difference in MCP-3 expression after 1 hour of VD as compared to controls.…”

Section: Commentsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…However, in contrast to our findings, Woo et al did not observe up-regulation of MCP-3 in the bladder specimens. 22,23 Indeed, Damaser et al 18 observed marked hypoxia of the bladder both during and after VD injury, which are consistent with our findings of increased bladder expression of MCP-3 immediately after VD. Damaser’s group suggested that the hypoxia experienced in the bladder after VD was most likely secondary to over distension from obstruction of the catheter balloon during VD.…”

Section: Commentsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Expression of Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 3 Following Simulated Birth Trauma in a Murine Model of Obesity

Vricella

Tao

Altuntas

et al. 2010

Urology

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Objective To determine the effect of obesity on simulated birth trauma in leptin-deficient obese mice as measured by relative MCP-3 expression. Materials and Methods A total of 25 wild-type and 25 obese C57BL/6 virgin female mice underwent 1 hour of vaginal distension (VD), sham VD or anesthesia without VD. Pelvic organ tissues were then harvested either immediately or 24-hours post VD and subsequent real-time PCR analysis was performed. Results Urethral MCP-3 levels in wild-type mice were elevated from baseline at 0-hours with a return to baseline at 24-hours in both VD and sham VD groups. In obese mice, there was a 6-fold elevation in MCP-3 levels at 0-hours after sham VD versus control (P < 0.05), which then returned to baseline levels at 24-hours. After undergoing VD, MCP-3 levels increased to 6-fold baseline values (P = 0.002) at 0-hours, with continued elevation in MCP-3 levels to 15 times control levels (P = 0.0003) at 24-hours. Conclusions MCP-3 is significantly over expressed in the urethral tissues of both wild-type and obese mice immediately after any urethral manipulation. At 24-hours, the MCP-3 expression patterns become divergent between VD and sham VD in obese mice. With a greater degree of trauma, MCP-3 continued to rise at 24-hours, suggesting that the underlying obesity resulted in alterations in response to tissue injury paralleling the degree of injury. Such associations warrant further investigation into the role of MCP-3 as a chemokine for stem cell migration with implications for subsequent tissue repair mechanisms after birth trauma.

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Section: Commentsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Commentsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Commentsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Expression of Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 3 Following Simulated Birth Trauma in a Murine Model of Obesity

Vricella

Tao

Altuntas

et al. 2010

Urology

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“…A differential response of urethra CCL7 expression after VD and PNT is not surprising given the lack of continence recovery observed with PNT compared with VD. 14,15 Furthermore, these data suggest that a shear event (as occurs in the VD group), and not nerve injury only (as in the PNT model), may contribute to the observed changes in urethra CCL7 after VD. The theory of shear effect is supported by the lack of changes in SDF-1, a known marker of ischemia, and hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha previously reported in other rodent VD models.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…10-13 We have shown a substantial decrease in leak point pressure 4 days after VD with near complete recovery to baseline within 14 days has been shown in rats. 14 PNT has been shown to produce long lasting reductions in leak point pressure, up to 5 weeks after nerve transection in rats. 15 Furthermore, VD has been shown to alter urethral tissue as early as 1 hour after injury and external urethral sphincter within 4 hours.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Stem Cell Homing Factor, CCL7, Expression in Mouse Models of Stress Urinary Incontinence

Hijaz

Grimberg

Tao

et al. 2013

Female Pelvic Medicine &Amp; Reconstructive Surgery

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Objectives Animal models of vaginal distention (VD) have demonstrated increased expression of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 7 (CCL7). In this study, we investigated the expression of CCL7 in mice models of simulated birth trauma-induced urinary incontinence utilizing VD and pudendal nerve transection (PNT). Methods Forty-nine mice were divided into 6 groups: VD, sham VD, PNT, sham PNT anesthesia, and age-matched controls. The urethra, vagina, and rectum were harvested for the expression of CCL7 immediately or 24 hours after assigned procedure. Venous sampling for quantification of serum CCL7 was also performed. An ANOVA model was used to compare the relative expression of CCL7 in each group. Results Urethral CCL7 expression in the VD group was significantly higher than control group after 24 hours (p<0.01). There was no difference in the urethral CCL7 expression in PNT, sham PNT, sham VD or anesthesia groups compared with controls. No statistically significant difference was noted in the vaginal and rectal expression of CCL7 between any of the groups except for sham PNT. Statistically significant differences were noted in the serum CCL7 expression in VD, PNT and sham PNT (p<0.01 in all) groups after 24 hours compared with the control group. Conclusions This study demonstrates over-expression of urethral CCL7 after VD but not PNT. This suggests that nerve injury does not contribute to the CCL7 over-expression. The over-expression of CCL7 in the serum of mice after VD suggests a translational potential where CCL7 measurement could be used as a surrogate for injury after delivery.

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Strain‐dependent urethral response

Haworth

Kitta

Morelli

et al. 2011

Neurourology and Urodynamics

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Aims The Sprague–Dawley (SD) rat, an out-bred, all-purpose strain, has served well for lower urinary tract research. However, to test new cellular therapies for conditions such as stress urinary incontinence, an in-bred rat strain with immune tolerance, such as the Lewis rat, may be more useful. The objective of this study was to reveal any differences in lower urinary tract continence mechanisms between the Lewis and SD rat. Methods The contribution of (1) the striated and smooth muscle to the mechanical and functional properties of the urethra in vitro, and (2) the striated sphincter to leak point pressure (LPP) and reflex continence mechanisms in vivo were assessed in normal (control) Lewis and SD rats and in a model of stress urinary incontinence produced by bilateral pudendal nerve transection. Results Control, Lewis rats had significantly lower LPP, significantly less fast-twitch skeletal muscle and relied less on the striated sphincter for continence than control, SD rats, as indicated by the failure of neuromuscular blockade with alpha-bungarotoxin to reduce LPP. Nerve transection significantly decreased LPP in the SD rat, but not in the Lewis rat. Although the Lewis urethra contained more smooth muscle than the SD rat, it was less active in vitro as indicated by a low urethral baseline pressure and lack of response to phenylephrine. Conclusions We have observed distinct differences in functional and mechanical properties of the SD and Lewis urethra and have shown that the Lewis rat may not be suitable as a chronic model of SUI via nerve transection.

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Simulated childbirth injuries in an inbred rat strain

Cited by 23 publications

References 33 publications

Expression of Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 3 Following Simulated Birth Trauma in a Murine Model of Obesity

Expression of Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 3 Following Simulated Birth Trauma in a Murine Model of Obesity

Stem Cell Homing Factor, CCL7, Expression in Mouse Models of Stress Urinary Incontinence

Strain‐dependent urethral response

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