Strain‐dependent urethral response

Haworth, Donna J.; Kitta, Takeya; Morelli, B.; Chew, Douglas W.; Yoshimura, Naoki; Groat, William C. de; Vorp, David A.

doi:10.1002/nau.21158

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(67 reference statements)

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“…Remarks in the literature pertaining to the evaluation of mechanical properties of animal and human urethra are limited (Abramowitch et al 2009). In vitro and in vivo characterization of urethrae from animal models has been performed by different authors (Lecamwasam et al 1999;Marti et al 2006;Lalla et al 2007;Feng et al 2010;Haworth et al 2011;Joller et al 2012). However, these studies do not always discuss similarities with humans and do not take into account a combination of tissue and structural tests, without providing a throughout investigation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental investigation of the biomechanics of urethral tissues and structures

Natali

Carniel

Frigo

et al. 2016

Experimental Physiology

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New Findings r What is the central question of this study?Prostheses for treatment of urinary incontinence elicit complications associated with an inadequate mechanical action. This investigation aimed to define a procedure addressed to urethral mechanical characterization. Experimental tests are the basis for constitutive formulation, with a view to numerical modelling for investigation of the interaction between the tissues and a prosthesis. r What is the main finding and its importance?Horse urethra, selected for its histomorphometric similarity to human urethra, was characterized by integrated histological analysis and mechanical tests on the biological tissue and structure, leading to constitutive formulation. A non-linear, anisotropic and time-dependent response was found, representing a valid basis for development of a numerical model to interpret the functional behaviour of the urethra.Urinary dysfunction can lead to incontinence, with an impact on the quality of life. Severe dysfunction can be overcome surgically by the use of an artificial urinary sphincter. Nonetheless, several complications may result from inappropriate functioning of the prosthesis, in many instances resulting from an unsuitable mechanical action of the device on the urethral tissues. Computational models allow investigation of the mechanical interaction between biological tissues and biomedical devices, representing a potential support for surgical practice and prosthesis design. The development of such computational tools requires experimental data on the mechanics of biological tissues and structures, which are rarely reported in the literature. The aim of this study was to provide a procedure for the mechanical characterization of urethral tissues and structures. The experimental protocol included the morphometric and histological analysis of urethral tissues, the mechanical characterization of the response of tissues to tensile and stress-relaxation tests and evaluation of the behaviour of urethral structures by inflation tests. Results from the preliminary experiments were processed, adopting specific model formulations, and also providing the definition of parameters that characterize the elastic and A. N. Natali and others viscous behaviour of the tissues. Different experimental protocols, leading to a comprehensive set of experimental data, allow for a reciprocal assessment of reliability of the investigation approach.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental investigation of the biomechanics of urethral tissues and structures

Natali

Carniel

Frigo

et al. 2016

Experimental Physiology

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“…In addition, Haworth et al . showed that bilateral pudendal transection did not lead to lower LPP values in the Lewis rat as had been shown in SD rats . Based on these findings, it is concluded that the Lewis rat might not be a useful model for incontinence caused by neural injury (we chose Lewis rats because parallel experiments were carried out with muscle progenitor cells raised in the Firefly rat inbred strain: LEW‐Tg[Rosa‐luc]11Jmsk).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…This was not seen in our experiments and could perhaps be related to the finding by Haworth et al . that pudendal transection does not lead to incontinence in Lewis rats …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

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Longitudinal leak point pressure measurements in rats using a modified port à cath system

Asselt

Mastrigt

2013

Int J of Urology

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Stress urinary incontinence, defined as involuntary loss of urine secondary to an increase in abdominal pressure, represents one of the most significant urological problems. Several animal models to simulate stress urinary incontinence have been presented, including methods to quantify leak point pressure. We have modified an existing leak point pressure procedure to longitudinally quantify stress urinary incontinence in rats by introducing the port à cath system. Reproducible leak point pressure measurements were carried out over a period of more than 40 days at different bladder volumes. Leak point pressure neither showed a significant relationship with the number of times anesthesia was applied nor a significant change over time. The port à cath system provided a reliable, sensitive device for longitudinal urinary bladder pressure measurements in animals with an implanted bladder catheter. This set-up therefore enables the evaluation of bladder pressure in different models for stress urinary incontinence, such as vaginal distention or pudendal transection over long periods of time within the same animal.

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“…Partial denervation in urethral and/or pelvic floor musculature as a result of pudendal nerve neuropathy is often found in women with SUI 52,53 . Similarly, rats with bilateral pudendal nerve transection showed a reduction in LPP, providing value as a SUI animal model 69,70 . It has also been shown that pudendal nerve transection causes electromyographic abnormalities of the EUS, and striated muscle atrophy in the EUS 69 .…”

Section: Animal Models Of Suimentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurophysiology and therapeutic receptor targets for stress urinary incontinence

Yoshimura

Miyazato

2012

Int J of Urology

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Stress urinary incontinence is the most common type of urinary incontinence in women. Stress urinary incontinence involves involuntary leakage of urine in response to abdominal pressure caused by activities, such as sneezing and coughing. The condition affects millions of women worldwide, causing physical discomfort as well as social distress and even social isolation. This type of incontinence is often seen in women after middle age and it can be caused by impaired closure mechanisms of the urethra as a result of a weak pelvic floor or poorly supported urethral sphincter (urethral hypermobility) and/or a damaged urethral sphincter system (intrinsic sphincter deficiency). Until recently, stress urinary incontinence has been approached by clinicians as a purely anatomic problem as a result of urethral hypermobility requiring behavioral or surgical therapy. However, intrinsic sphincter deficiency has been reported to be more significantly associated with stress urinary incontinence than urethral hypermobility. Extensive basic and clinical research has enhanced our understanding of the complex neural circuitry regulating normal function of the lower urinary tract, as well as the pathophysiological mechanisms that might underlie the development of stress urinary incontinence and lead to the development of potential novel strategies for pharmacotherapy of stress urinary incontinence. Therapeutic targets include adrenergic and serotonergic receptors in the spinal cord, and adrenergic receptors at the urethral sphincter, which can enhance urethral reflex activity during stress conditions and increase baseline urethral pressure, respectively. This article therefore reviews the recent advances in stress urinary incontinence research and discusses the neurophysiology of urethral continence reflexes, the etiology of stress urinary incontinence and potential targets for pharmacotherapy of stress urinary incontinence.

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Strain‐dependent urethral response

Cited by 4 publications

References 33 publications

Experimental investigation of the biomechanics of urethral tissues and structures

Experimental investigation of the biomechanics of urethral tissues and structures

Longitudinal leak point pressure measurements in rats using a modified port à cath system

Neurophysiology and therapeutic receptor targets for stress urinary incontinence

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