“…The impressive results stimulated many applications to other geophysical optimization problems. These include the estimation of Earth models from fitting of seismic body waveforms in exploration seismics reflection seismics and migration [ Jakobsen et al ., 1988; Jervis et al ., 1993; Varela et al ., 1998; Landa et al ., 1989; Mosegaard and Vestergaard , 1991; Vestergaard and Mosegaard , 1991; Sen and Stoffa , 1991]; inversion of travel/arrival time data [ Pullammanappallil and Louie , 1993, 1994]; earthquake location and rupture histories [ Billings , 1994; Hartzell and Liu , 1996]; seismic source and ground motion studies [ Scherbaum et al ., 1994; Courboulex et al ., 1996; Ihmle and Ruegg , 1997]; estimation of crustal structure [ Steck , 1995; Zhao et al ., 1996]; deconvolution of seismograms [ Courboulex et al ., 1996; Calderon et al ., 1997]; thermodynamic modeling [ Bina , 1998]; groundwater management and remediation [ Dougherty and Marryott , 1991; Kou et al ., 1992; Rizzo and Dougherty , 1996; Rogers et al ., 1998]; more residual statics estimation [ Vasudevan and Wilson , 1991; Nørmark and Mosegaard , 1993]; waste disposal site selection [ Muttiah et al ., 1996]; geostatistics [ Datta et al ., 1995; Goovaerts , 1996; Pardo , 1998]; seismic ray tracing [ Velis and Ulrych , 1996]; and electromagnetic, resistivity, and magnetotelluric imaging [ Gilbert and Virieux , 1991; Dosso and Oldenburg , 1991; Dittmer and Szymanski , 1995]. This is only a subset of the many papers making use of this technique over the past 10 years.…”