Simple Method to Produce in vitro Pyrenophora tritici-repentis Teleomorph

Benslimane, Hamida

doi:10.5423/ppj.nt.06.2014.0049

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…There are other methods to obtain Ptr spore inoculums which either involve the sexual production of fruiting bodies (pseudothecia) and subsequent release of ascospores or the collection of asexual conidia from the eld using a spore collector. Neither of these are particularly suitable for fast production of spore inoculums as even the most optimized in vitro technique to produce ascospores still takes 9 weeks and involves collecting wheat straw [37]. Although a spore collector can obtain su cient Ptr spores for routine assessment of wheat genotypes, it requires a eld plot and a TS epidemic to develop from diseasebearing wheat straw [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Optimized Sporulation Method for the Wheat Fungal Pathogen Pyrenophora Tritici-Repentis

Jacques

Lenzo

Stevens

et al. 2021

Preprint

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BackgroundThe necrotrophic fungal pathogen Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Ptr) causes tan (syn. yellow) spot of wheat and accounts for significant yield losses worldwide. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of this economically important crop disease is crucial to counteract the yield and quality losses of wheat globally. Substantial progress has been made to comprehend the race structure of this phytopathogen based on its production of necrotrophic effectors and genomic resources of Ptr. However, one limitation for studying Ptr in a laboratory environment is the difficulty to isolate high spore numbers from vegetative growth with mycelial contamination common. These limitations reduce the experimental tractability of Ptr. ResultsHere, we optimized a multitude of parameters and report a sporulation method for Ptr that yields robust, high quality and pure spores. Our methodology encompasses simple and reproducible plugging and harvesting techniques, resulting in spore yields up to 1,500 fold more than the current sporulation methods and was tested on multiple isolates and races of Ptr as well as an additional seven modern Australian Ptr isolates. Moreover, this method also increased purity and spore harvest numbers for two closely related fungal pathogens (Pyrenophora teres f. maculata and f. teres) that cause net blotch diseases in barley (Hordeum vulgare), highlighting the usability of this optimized sporulation protocol for the wider research community. ConclusionsLarge-scale spore infection and virulence assays are essential for the screening of wheat and barley cultivars and combined with the genetic mapping of these populations allows pinpointing and exploiting sources of host genetic resistance. We anticipate that improvements in spore numbers and purity will further advance research to increase our understanding of the pathogenicity mechanisms of these important fungal pathogens.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Optimized Sporulation Method for the Wheat Fungal Pathogen Pyrenophora Tritici-Repentis

Jacques

Lenzo

Stevens

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Şekil 7. Pyrenophora tritici-repentis'in bitki kalıntısı üzerinde oluşmuş pseudotheciumları [32] Eşeyli spor olan askosporlar pseudothecia içinde oluşur ve askusların içinde bulunurlar.…”

Section: Hastalik Etmeni̇ni̇n Hayat çEmberi̇unclassified

Tan Spot Disease of Wheat Caused by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis

YÜCELER

Karakaya

Oğuz

2022

Dicle Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi

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Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (asexual stage: Drechslera tritici-repentis) is an important disease agent that causes tan spot disease in wheat all over the world. Pyrenophora tritici-repentis is found in the class Dothideomycetes, which is the largest and most diverse class of Ascomycota fungi. The fungus can reproduce asexually with conidia and sexually with ascospores. Pyrenophora tritici-repentis has a complex race structure. Race identification was based on the production of three hostspecific toxins (ToxA, ToxB, ToxC) produced by the pathogen. Recently these are named Necrotrophic Effectors (NE). The race of each effectorproducing pathogen is differentiated according to the toxin or combination of toxins it produces. If it does not produce toxins, it is considered an avirulent race. These produced toxins determine the symptoms that will be caused by the pathogen. For the agent to cause disease, the host plant must be susceptible to NEs produced by the race in question. Race identification is made with a differential set and eight races of the pathogen are defined according to this differential set. The differential set consists of six wheat lines and varieties, but only the Glenlea variety and lines 6B365 and 6B662 can effectively separate existing races. This disease, which is also present in Turkey, can affect the leaves as well as the spikes and grains. Symptoms may be necrosis, chlorosis, or both. Brown spots appear first in all symptom cases. In necrosis, the brown spots elongate and enlarge, resulting in lens-or diamond-shaped lesions. These lesions are bordered by yellow halos. In chlorosis, yellow areas are formed that rapidly surround and develop the lesions on the leaf blade. As the lesion grows, it merges with other lesions, forming large and irregularly shaped dead tissues. Symptoms first appear on the older lower leaves and spread to the upper leaves as the disease progresses. The disease can reduce the yield by 50% in susceptible varieties. In order to be able to fight the pathogen effectively, an integrated control using various control methods should be applied. In this review, information about tan spot disease and its control is given.

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Pyrenophora tritici-repentis: A Worldwide Threat to Wheat

Ramos¹,

Kutcher²,

Dallagnol³

2023

Wheat [Working Title]

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The necrotrophic fungus Pyrenophora tritici-repentis is the causal agent of tan spot of wheat, also known as yellow spot. Tan spot is one of the main foliar diseases of wheat, responsible for significant yield loss worldwide. To improve tan spot management, genetic control has been investigated and resistance in some cultivars improved; however, the complexity of the pathosystem wheat - P. tritici-repentis makes integrated disease management strategies very important. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the current state of knowledge of tan spot, including a basic understanding of characterization, pathogenicity, population biology, the global distribution of races, and the genetics of the wheat - P. tritici-repentis interaction. Furthermore, we describe several strategies that can be employed to control tan spot including, seed sanitation, cultural practices, fungicide and biological controls, as well as complementary alternative measures such as fertilization for efficient disease management in wheat production systems.

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Simple Method to Produce in vitro Pyrenophora tritici-repentis Teleomorph

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

An Optimized Sporulation Method for the Wheat Fungal Pathogen Pyrenophora Tritici-Repentis

An Optimized Sporulation Method for the Wheat Fungal Pathogen Pyrenophora Tritici-Repentis

Tan Spot Disease of Wheat Caused by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis

Pyrenophora tritici-repentis: A Worldwide Threat to Wheat

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