Simple Fabrication of a Highly Sensitive and Fast Glucose Biosensor Using Enzymes Immobilized in Mesocellular Carbon Foam

Abstract

Immobilization of biomolecules in tailor-made nanometerscale structures can significantly improve the performance of biocatalytic processes. For efficient biocatalytic processes, it is highly desirable to develop nanostructured materials that enable high loading and long-term stability of the biocatalysts, as well as low mass-transfer resistance. In this regard, inorganic mesoporous materials [1] with well-controlled pore structures have gained much attention as appropriate, high-capacity hosts for biocatalysts. [2][3][4][5] Template synthesis has frequently been used to synthesize novel porous carbon materials.[6] Recently, a new class of nanoporous carbons, ordered mesoporous carbon (OMC), has been synthesized using ordered mesoporous silica materials as COMMUNICATIONS 2828

Nano-Confined Synthesis of Fullerene Mesoporous Carbon (C60-FMC) with Bimodal Pores: XRD, TEM, Structural Properties, NMR, and Protein Immobilization

“…It can easily be seen that synthesized C 60 -FMC appears to be well-ordered showing periodicity in the mesoscale range as evidenced by the sharp and intense peaks in the region around 0.96 2Ɵ and another broad peak at about 1.60-1.65 2Ɵ. This finding is consisting with the case of a well-ordered mesoporous material with uniform framework mesopores distribution [12,[16][17][18][19][34][35][36][37][38][39]. Small angle XRD for pure Fullerene C 60 carbon source sample was also carried out and no peak was observed suggesting that the fullerene mesoporous carbon framework was formed as a result of the nano-hard templating step.…”

“…By combining the XRD pattern and the TEM observation, it could be concluded that C 60 -FMC is stable after removal of silica template. N 2 adsorption-desorption experiments shows that the specific surface area (S BET ), total pore volume, and BJH pore size of the fullerene mesoporous carbon materials were 643 m 2 /g, 0.67 cm 3 /g and 4.95 nm, respectively [15][16][17]. As shown in Figure 7a, N 2 sorption isotherm of C 60 -FMC displays different adsorption-desorption behavior with the presence of two hysteresis loops that indicate the presence of two different pore systems in one material.…”

“…and biomolecules or drugs adsorption on mesoporous carbons have been reported in the literatures [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. It is also observed that mesoporous carbon materials exhibited better performance for these applications than that of counterpart silica material.…”

“…We demonstrated that the C 60 -FMC with high surface area and pore volumes have excellent adsorption capacity towards BSA protein molecule. Protein adsorption experiments clearly showed that the C 60 -FMC with bimodal pore architectures (4.95 nm and 10-15 nm) are suitable material to be used for protein adsorption.and biomolecules or drugs adsorption on mesoporous carbons have been reported in the literatures [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. It is also observed that mesoporous carbon materials exhibited better performance for these applications than that of counterpart silica material.…”

“…It is also observed that mesoporous carbon materials exhibited better performance for these applications than that of counterpart silica material. Then, instead of using a conventional carbon source as mentioned above [1][2][3][4][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] it will be necessary to find a new carbon source to create a new mesoporous carbon solid framework that will improve the adsorption of biomolecules. As such, Fullerenes (C 60 ) as carbon source consists of nanoscopic building block with surface tailorable that can give unique functionalities to the mesoporous carbon framework [21][22][23].…”