Silver nitroprusside nanoparticles for breast cancer therapy: in vitro and in vivo approach

Abstract

Advancement of nanotechnology leads to the explorative development in cancer therapeutics that may overcome the shortcomings of commercially available drugs and facilitate improved clinical outcomes. Recently, several metal nanoparticles especially...

Nitroprusside and metal nitroprusside nano analogues for cancer therapy

“…Among various nanomaterials, transition metal nanoformulations have been extensively used for cancer therapy because of their unique physiochemical properties [72,[74][75][76][77][78][79][80] These metal-based nanoformulations are advantageous over the conventionally treated anti-cancer drugs because of their site specific targeting, controlled release and less side effects. To this, scientists are focusing on the design, development and fabrication of economic, biocompatible, stable, ecofriendly nitroprusside-based metal nanocomplexes for the delivery of NO, metal ions or drugs in to the tumor microenvironment [10][11][12][13]. These metal nitroprusside nanocomplexes provide stability, slow release of drug and metal ions into the tumor microenvironment as well as prevent unwanted reactions with the biological components [10][11][12][13].…”

“…Therefore, new therapeutic treatments are urgently required to overcome the difficulties associated with the conventional therapies. Recently, sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and nitroprusside-based analogues have been used as chemotherapeutic drugs for various cancers such as breast, ovarian, lung, liver, leukemia, neuroblastoma and others [8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. SNP, a crystalline sodium salt is FDA approved in 1976 as an intravenous vasodilator for immediate hypertensive emergencies [15][16][17][18].…”

“…[18]. Therefore, to improve the properties of SNP, researchers are designing and developing various SNP based nanomaterials by introducing metals in SNP complex or by incorporation of SNP in different nanomaterials for better therapeutic efficacy in order to overcome the complications and health consequences associated with the use of bare SNP [10,11,13,14,34,35]. These metal nitroprusside nano analogues possesses versatile physiochemical properties such as electrochemical, photocatalytic, photodegradation and sensing properties [36].…”

“…Recently, the incorporation of various metals (e.g. silver, copper, cobalt, zinc, iron etc) with the nitroprusside complex or encapsulation of SNP in metal nanoparticles show excellent anti-cancer activity [10,11,13,14,34]. To this context, the nitroprusside nano analogues can be widely employed because of their synergistic anti-cancer activities which mainly relies on the controlled release of NO and the properties of metal ions [10,11,13,14,34].…”

“…silver, copper, cobalt, zinc, iron etc) with the nitroprusside complex or encapsulation of SNP in metal nanoparticles show excellent anti-cancer activity [10,11,13,14,34]. To this context, the nitroprusside nano analogues can be widely employed because of their synergistic anti-cancer activities which mainly relies on the controlled release of NO and the properties of metal ions [10,11,13,14,34]. Although, there are several literature encompassing the applications of SNP and metal nitroprusside nano analogues in biomedical sector, but there is not a single comprehensive review regarding the anti-cancer properties of SNP and its metal nano analogues.…”