Signs and symptoms of depression in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Depression is a fundamental disorder characterized by changes in mood or affect toward depression with or without anxiety. Depression is a state of mental disorder characterized by three main symptoms and seven additional symptoms. Diabetes Mellitus Type-1 (T1DM) is a systemic disorder caused by impaired glucose metabolism, which is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. Depression is common in patients with T1DM. In this case report, a 13-year-old girl was consulted because she looks sad. A feeling of sadness has been felt for 3 months and has been getting worse since a week ago, which was initially because of T1DM. Patients usually work at home and carry out daily activities as usual. Currently, the patient has no desire and gets tired easily, especially when doing usual activities, thinking the pain will get worse and thinking that she can't recover. Complaints are felt throughout the day and worsen at night, especially before bed or when alone. The patient feels that she is useless and his future is bleak. During pregnancy, the patient's mother routinely checks with the midwife and gets complete immunizations. The patient was born vaginally and cried spontaneously. The patient also received complete basic immunization.

Study of arginase activity in serum of patients with hypothyroidism and type 2 diabetes mellitus

“…The level of VLDL was significantly increased in the hypothyroidism group, DM group, and patients with the combination of hypothyroidism and DM group. In type 2 diabetes mellitus, defective insulin secretion may lead to various abnormalities such as impaired hemostasis of lipoproteins, fatty acids, TG, and depressed the activity of lipoprotein lipase activity (23). Similar results were reported by Kumar and co-workers (24), who found that the mean total cholesterol and LDL levels were elevated in hypothyroidism patients compared to controls.…”

Galvanic skin response

“…in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, impaired sweat gland activity causes dry skin, frequent wounds, and poor wound healing, which are risk factors for limb amputation. 5 In diabetes, impaired vascular endothelial function decreased skin blood flow and impaired sweating contribute to higher galvanic skin resistance. the electrical resistance opposite to the flow of electric current, according to ohm (Ω) Law; conductivity was inversely proportional to resistance.…”

Catalase and peroxidase in diabetic patients with hypothyroidism

“…The increase in the absorbance at wave length λ=510nm, was recorded for 5min.to obtain ∆A/min. Determination the activity of serum catalase: Catalase activity was measured using a simple and accurate colorimetric approach [20] based on the reaction of hydrogen peroxide with ammonium metavanadate in an acidic environment to create a red-orange color with a maximum absorbance of 452 nm.Determination of Malondialdehyde the final product of lipid peroxidation, malondialdehyde (MDA), interacts with thiobarbituric acid to generate a color material. The most extensively used approach for measuring lipid peroxidation is the detection of MDA by thiobarbituric acid reactivity [21].…”