Significant sensitivity improvement of alternating current driven-liquid discharge by using formic acid medium for optical determination of elements

Xiao, Qing; Zhu, Zhenli; Zheng, Huajun; He, Haiyang; Huang, Chunying; Hu, Shenghong

doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2012.12.013

Cited by 58 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Similar enhancement has also been observed using nonionic 4,5,9,15,22 and ionic surfactants. Analyte elements were found to fall into two groups: those that are known to be amenable to chemical vapour generation (Hg, Se, Ag, and Pb) and those that do not undergo vapour generation as readily (Ca, Fe, Cu, Mg, and Ni).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…A slightly different design, introduced in 2005 by Webb et al, 2 was named solution-cathode glow discharge (SCGD). These related discharges include APGD in contact with a owing liquid cathode with a He or Ar jet, 7 alternating-current electrolyte atmosphere liquid discharge (ac-EALD), 8,9 and liquid-sampling atmospheric pressure glow discharge (LS-APGD). The present paper deals with a recently described descendent of the SCGD design, 6 and is also referred to as an SCGD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…26,27 This shi towards applications is vital for a technique to become truly relevant, 18 but there is a continued need for more basic research. Other studies 9,24,25 have used this enhancement. Concentration 1 and identity 28 of the sample solution's electrolyte have long been known to affect the strength of atomic emission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measurement of sample and plasma properties in solution-cathode glow discharge and effects of organic additives on these properties

Decker

Webb

2016

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

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Solution-cathode glow discharge was studied in an attempt to further elucidate the processes involved in the plasma. Spectroscopic and electrical properties were measured with and without the influence of three organic modifiers: formic acid, acetic acid, and ethanol. Degradation products (CO, C 2 , and CH) of the modifiers were detected in the plasma spectroscopically. Properties of solutions before and after exposure to the discharge were compared. The effects of organic additives on these solution properties were measured. A single, simple mechanism was not consistent with the data, so a multi-part mechanism is proposed for solution and analyte transport into the plasma. Evaporation from the cathode surface, droplet generation, and chemical generation of volatile species may each play a role.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measurement of sample and plasma properties in solution-cathode glow discharge and effects of organic additives on these properties

Decker

Webb

2016

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

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“…Regrettably, the SCGD suffers more from matrix interferences than does the ICP [5]. As a consequence, only relatively simple samples have been analyzed accurately with simple calibration methods [12][13][14]. More complex samples have necessitated use of standard additions in order to obtain accurate results [5,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automatable on-line generation of calibration curves and standard additions in solution-cathode glow discharge optical emission spectrometry

Schwartz

Ray

Hieftje

2015

Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy

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Two methods are described that enable on-line generation of calibration standards and standard additions in solution-cathode glow discharge optical emission spectrometry (SCGD-OES). The first method employs a gradient high-performance liquid chromatography pump to perform on-line mixing and delivery of a stock standard, sample solution, and diluent to achieve a desired solution composition. The second method makes use of a simpler system of three peristaltic pumps to perform the same function of on-line solution mixing. Both methods can be computercontrolled and automated, and thereby enable both simple and standard-addition calibrations to be rapidly performed on-line. Performance of the on-line approaches is shown to be comparable to that of traditional methods of sample preparation, in terms of calibration curves, signal stability, accuracy, and limits of detection. Potential drawbacks to the on-line procedures include signal lag between changes in solution composition and pump-induced multiplicative noise. Though the new on-line methods were applied here to SCGD-OES to improve sample throughput, they are not limited in application to only SCGD-OES-any instrument that samples from flowing solution streams (flame atomic absorption spectrometry, ICP-OES, ICP-mass spectrometry, etc.) could benefit from them.

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“…An LOD of 0.51 ng mL À1 was obtained without the need for oxidising reagents, though there was the requirement to prepare the samples in approx 0.1 M acid solution (i.e., pH ¼ 1). Xiao et al 78 improved the performance of an a.c. SC-GD by adding organic compounds to the electrolyte. They found that adding 3% (v/v) formic acid enhanced emission by 13-, 17-and 78-fold for Ag, Cd and Pb, respectively, to yield LODs of 1, 17 and 45 mg L À1 .…”

Section: Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic spectrometry updates: Review of advances in atomic spectrometry and related techniques

Evans

Pisonero

Smith

et al. 2014

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

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Significant sensitivity improvement of alternating current driven-liquid discharge by using formic acid medium for optical determination of elements

Cited by 58 publications

References 37 publications

Measurement of sample and plasma properties in solution-cathode glow discharge and effects of organic additives on these properties

Measurement of sample and plasma properties in solution-cathode glow discharge and effects of organic additives on these properties

Automatable on-line generation of calibration curves and standard additions in solution-cathode glow discharge optical emission spectrometry

Atomic spectrometry updates: Review of advances in atomic spectrometry and related techniques

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