Significance of Vibriocidal Antibodies with Regard to Immunity to Cholera

Gangarosa, Eugene J.; DeWitt, Wallis E.; Feeley, John C.; Adams, M. R.

doi:10.1093/infdis/121.supplement.s36

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…This was not unexpected in view of the previous reports on cross agglutination between Y. enterocolitica serotype IX and Brucella species (Ahvonen & Sievers, 1969;Ahvonen, Jansson & Aho, 1969) and also between Brucella species and V. cholerae (Feeley, 1969;Gangarosa et al 1970). However, in the present study, the antigenic relationship between Yersinia and V. cholerae appeared to be rather complex.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…The presence of vibriocidal antibody in the sera of American citizens who have never been vaccinated against cholera nor exposed to cholera infection (Finkelstein, Powell, Woodrow & Krevans, 1965;Verwey et al 1969) has raised the question of the specificity of the vibriocidal reaction. Cross-reactivity between Vibrio cholerae and Brucella species is widely known (Eisele, McCullough, Beal & Burrows, 1946;Gallut, 1950;Mathur, 1960) and has recently been again emphasized by Feeley (1969) and Gangarosa, DeWitt, Feeley & Adams (1970), who found other instances of the presence of vibriocidal antibody in human sera in the absence of exposure to cholera infection. Corbel & Cullen (1970) Immune sera against V. cholerae Ogawa and Inaba were prepared in rabbits (four for each serotype) by injecting live saline suspensions from a 7 hr.-old growth (at 370 C.) on heart infusion agar containing about 2 x 109 organisms per ml.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Vibriocidal antibodies induced byYersinia enterocoliticaserotype IX

Barua

Watanabe

1972

J. Hyg.

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SUMMARYYersinia enterocolitica serotype IX has been found to stimulate the production of vibriocidal antibody against Vibrio cholerae, particularly in Inaba serotype, in experimental rabbits and infected man to a significant degree. This activity could be absorbed by both Inaba and Yersinia antigens from anti-yersinia sera, but Yersinia antigen could not absorb vibriocidal activity from the anti-cholera sera, indicating a unilateral relation.Vibrio agglutinating antibody, particularly against Ogawa, in anti-yersinia rabbit or human sera was found to be less liable to non-specific stimulation.V. cholerae, while removing vibriocidal antibody, could not absorb the Yersinia agglutinin from anti-yersinia sera, suggesting that there is a different determinant for these two types of antibody activities. The non-specific production of vibriocidal antibody by Y. enterocolitica type IX indicates the need for caution in the interpretation of the results of vibriocidal tests where such organisms are prevalent.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Vibriocidal antibodies induced byYersinia enterocoliticaserotype IX

Barua

Watanabe

1972

J. Hyg.

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“…infections 19 may show fourfold or greater increases in vibriocidal titers, but vibriocidal titers do not increase significantly after other infections, including other Vibrio spp. and non-O1 V. cholerae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Frequency of Reexposure to Vibrio cholerae O1 Evaluated by Subsequent Vibriocidal Titer Rise after an Episode of Severe Cholera in a Highly Endemic Area in Bangladesh

Weil¹,

Chowdhury²,

Khan³

et al. 2012

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Vibriocidal antibody is a marker of recent exposure to Vibrio cholerae O1 infection. We examined vibriocidal titers for 1 year after an episode of severe cholera in patients in Dhaka, Bangladesh; 16 of 53 (30%) patients had a fourfold or greater increase in vibriocidal titer between 6 and 12 months after an episode of severe cholera, suggesting reexposure to the organism. Among patients with rises in titers during follow-up, the patients initially infected with serotype Ogawa had earlier rises in titer than the patients initially infected with serotype Inaba. These data and others suggest that an episode of severe cholera protects against symptomatic disease for several years, but reexposure to the organism occurs frequently in an endemic area, with immunological boosts beginning as early as 6 months after severe disease. Repeated exposures to V. cholerae in endemic areas may be a necessary component for long-lasting protection against severe disease.

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“…One volunteer experienced a rise in vibriocidal titer after receiving placebo; he remained clinically well during this period. This response may represent cross-reacting antibodies to some subclinical infection (6) or, less likely, a specimen collection, laboratory, or protocol error. After immunization, serum IgG anti-cholera toxin rose in 61% of vaccinees who subsequently underwent challenge.…”

Section: Volunteersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multicentered Trial of the Efficacy of a Single Dose of Live Oral Cholera Vaccine CVD 103-HgR in Preventing Cholera following Challenge with Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor Inaba Three Months after Vaccination

et al. 1999

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CVD 103-HgR is a live oral cholera vaccine strain constructed by deleting 94% of the gene for the enzymatically active A subunit of cholera toxin from classical Inaba Vibrio cholerae O1 569B; the strain also contains a mercury resistance gene as an identifying marker. This vaccine was well tolerated and immunogenic in double-blind, controlled studies and was protective in open-label studies of volunteers challenged with V. cholerae O1. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study of vaccine efficacy was designed to test longer-term protection of CVD 103-HgR against moderate and severe El Tor cholera in U.S. volunteers. A total of 85 volunteers (50 at the University of Maryland and 35 at Children's Hospital Medical Center/University of Cincinnati) were recruited for vaccination and challenge with wild-type V. cholerae El Tor Inaba. Volunteers were randomized in a double-blind manner to receive, with buffer, a single oral dose of either CVD 103-HgR (2 × 108to 8 × 108 CFU) or placebo (killed E. coli K-12). About 3 months after immunization, 51 of these volunteers were orally challenged with 105 CFU of virulent V. cholerae O1 El Tor Inaba strain N16961, prepared from a standardized frozen inoculum. Ninety-one percent of the vaccinees had a ≥4-fold rise in serum vibriocidal antibodies after vaccination. After challenge, 9 (39%) of the 23 placebo recipients and 1 (4%) of the 28 vaccinees had moderate or severe diarrhea (≥3-liter diarrheal stool) (P < 0.01; protective efficacy, 91%). A total of 21 (91%) of 23 placebo recipients and 5 (18%) of 28 vaccinees had any diarrhea (P < 0.001; protective efficacy, 80%). Peak stoolV. cholerae excretion among placebo recipients was 1.1 × 107 CFU/g and among vaccinees was 4.9 × 102 CFU/g (P < 0.001). This vaccine could therefore be a safe and effective tool to prevent cholera in travelers.

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Significance of Vibriocidal Antibodies with Regard to Immunity to Cholera

Cited by 17 publications

References 3 publications

Vibriocidal antibodies induced byYersinia enterocoliticaserotype IX

Vibriocidal antibodies induced byYersinia enterocoliticaserotype IX

Frequency of Reexposure to Vibrio cholerae O1 Evaluated by Subsequent Vibriocidal Titer Rise after an Episode of Severe Cholera in a Highly Endemic Area in Bangladesh

Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multicentered Trial of the Efficacy of a Single Dose of Live Oral Cholera Vaccine CVD 103-HgR in Preventing Cholera following Challenge with Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor Inaba Three Months after Vaccination

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