Significance of some variables on interproximal alveolar bone height based on cross‐sectional epidemiologic data

Abstract

The objective of the study was to analyze the significance of some variables on interproximal alveolar bone height, based on cross-sectional epidemiologic data from a Swedish survey conducted in 1983-1984, in the northern medical care district of Alvsborg county. 723 dentate individuals (92% of the randomly selected dentate individuals) with complete anamnestic, clinical and radiographic documentation were included in the statistical analyses. The computerized method used to measure interproximal alveolar bone height as a % of root length (B/R) provided data at each measurable interproximal surface of the individual teeth. On the population basis, a multivariate linear regression analysis showed that: (i) mean B/R values did not differ significantly between men and women, (ii) B/R value decreased with increasing age at a linear rate of 0.26% (0.04 mm) per year of age, (iii) the higher the calculus index value, the lower the mean B/R value, (iv) the higher the plaque index value, the higher the mean B/R value, (v) level of education, dentist attendance frequency and prevalence of defective margins of dental restorations did not show any statistically significant association with B/R, (vi) individuals attending the dental hygienist less than once every 2 years had higher mean B/R value than individuals attending the dental hygienist at least once every two years, and (vii) current smokers exhibited significantly lower mean B/R value than former and non-smokers. Individuals smoking more than 5 g of tobacco per day had lower mean B/R values than individuals smoking between 1 and 5 g of tobacco per day. There was no statistically significant relationship between snuffing and B/R.

Prevalence of tobacco usage and its effect on the periodontal health parameters in the mining employees and the general population- A Comparative study

“…The mining employees and the general population both indulged in the usage of tobacco products not less than four times a day. The same fact has been emphasized in the earlier studies as well 28,31 .…”

Nicotine and periodontal tissues

“…[20] who found significantly less alveolar bone in individuals smoking more than 5 g of tobacco per day than in those smoking between 1 and 5 g of tobacco per day, as well as those of Norderyd and Hugoson,[15] found that moderate to heavy smoking (greater than or equal to 10 cigarettes per day) was associated with severe periodontitis but light smoking (less than 10 cigarettes per day) was not. The response to surgical and nonsurgical periodontal treatment has been shown to be less favorable in smokers compared to nonsmokers in terms of probing depth reduction and clinical attachment gain, even in the presence of ongoing, effective supportive therapy.…”

“…[24–26] A clear relationship between smokeless tobacco use and generalized periodontal conditions has not been definitively demonstrated. [27] In general, localized attachment loss in the form of gingival recession occurs in 25 to 30% of smokeless tobacco users. [24–26] This attachment loss is most prevalent adjacent to mandibular buccal areas where smokeless tobacco products are commonly placed.…”

The Association of Smoking With Vertical Periodontal Bone Loss

“…[8][9][10] There are only a few investigations exploring the association of vertical defects with tobacco smoking. 11,12 In one study in subjects seeking dental care 12 the number of vertical defects was increased in smokers compared to non-smokers, whereas in an epidemiological cross-sectional study 11 no association was found between smoking and the occurrence of intrabony defects. In a previous study, we observed that the relationships between age and prevalence as well as severity of vertical defects were highly significant.…”