Significance of Anaerobic Organisms in Peritonitis Due to Liver Autolysis

Trusler, Harold M.

doi:10.1001/archsurg.1934.01170150056004

Cited by 22 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The presence of bacteria of the gas gangrene group in normal dog muscle has been reported (87,88), and both our studies and the confirmatory one of Cope and Langohr (unpublished data) have indicated that such organisms may be normal inhabitants of dog muscle; but it is more likely that they are introduced during operative manipulations, since they appear to be such frequent contaminants of dog skin. In all probability, they exist in skin as spores resistant to the usual methods of surgical preparation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

The Toxic Factors in Exerimental Traumatic Shock. Vi. The Toxic Influence of the Bacterial Flora, Particularly Clostridium Welchii, in Exudates of Ischemic Muscle 1

Pope¹,

Zamecnik²,

Aub³

et al. 1945

J. Clin. Invest.

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As has been shown in previous reports from this laboratory (10, 25, 75), toxic effects resembling traumatic shock have been observed following the intravenous injection of fluids exuding from-dog muscles after prolonged ischemia.The fact that 28 per cent of these fluids were highly toxic, whereas the remainder seemed harmless, strongly suggested that their toxic effects were not due to the presence of intracellular substances lost as the result of cell damage (70). For the same reason, it appeared doubtful that the occasional toxic effects were caused by breakdown products of muscle cell constituents resulting from ischemia, since the experimental conditions were all approximately identical. Attention has been directed, therefore, to the one constituent of these fluids which was obviously highly variable, namely, the bacterial flora.Another bit of indirect evidence pointed in this direction. On several occasions, dog muscle tissue was excised and minced with sterile precautions and incubated in sterile dog plasma at 370 C., for 5 hours. The plasma was then separated by centrifugation and injected intravenously into recipient dogs. Such material was invariably toxic, rapidly producing a shock-like state and death, and it was always infected with micro-organisms which on direct smear were seen to be large gram-positive rods. However, if a mixture of blended dog muscle and plasma were sterilized by passage through a Seitz filter before incubation, of the fluid to be tested were mixed with 4.5 ml. of beef broth, and 3 successive 1: 10 dilutions in broth were made. Two blood agar plates were then divided into quadrants and a loopful (approximately 1I4.) of each dilution was streaked onto 1 quadrant of each plate. One of these was incubated aerobically and the other in an atmosphere of 5 per cent CO2 in nitrogen. After 36 hours of incubation at 37°C., differential colony counts were made and identification of the bacterial species present was undertaken. Colony counts were multiplied by the appropriate factors to give numbers of viable bacteria per ml. of original fluid, and these were checked qualitatively with observations on direct smears. Clostridia were isolated and cultivated from various fluids.In an attempt to reproduce at will the picture of toxicity following fluid injection, 2 strains of Clostridia perfringens thus isolated were used in 3 experiments. In these experiments, at the time of muscle ligation, 2 to 5 ml. of a broth culture of these organisms were injected into each of the 2 muscle groups; after the period of occlusion of the blood supply the ligatures were released as usual and fluid collected. These have been termed "reinforced" fluids. Bacterial counts were made on the first fluid obtained from each leg, on a final sample drain-856

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

The Toxic Factors in Exerimental Traumatic Shock. Vi. The Toxic Influence of the Bacterial Flora, Particularly Clostridium Welchii, in Exudates of Ischemic Muscle 1

Pope¹,

Zamecnik²,

Aub³

et al. 1945

J. Clin. Invest.

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show abstract

“…Since a Vim-Silverman needle was used in all cases, the biopsy undoubtedly came from the peripheral portion of the liver. Trusler and Martin (32) (33) found that the bacterial content in the left lobe of the liver in dogs is more profuse than in the right lobe.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteriology of the Human Liver

Sborov¹,

Morse²,

Giges³

et al. 1952

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…Chau et al [15] reported that ligation of the arterial supply to the liver of dogs caused ischemic necrosis. Subsequently, small numbers of viable bacteria were cultured from these livers [15,51,57]. Consequently, these investigators concluded that the passage of indigenous bacteria from the GI tract to the other body sites does not normally occur, but only takes place only under conditions that increase the permeability of the intestinal mucosa [2, 51,52].…”

Section: B Historical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Translocation from the Intestines

Berg

1985

Experimental Animals

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Significance of Anaerobic Organisms in Peritonitis Due to Liver Autolysis

Cited by 22 publications

References 6 publications

The Toxic Factors in Exerimental Traumatic Shock. Vi. The Toxic Influence of the Bacterial Flora, Particularly Clostridium Welchii, in Exudates of Ischemic Muscle 1

The Toxic Factors in Exerimental Traumatic Shock. Vi. The Toxic Influence of the Bacterial Flora, Particularly Clostridium Welchii, in Exudates of Ischemic Muscle 1

Bacteriology of the Human Liver

Bacterial Translocation from the Intestines

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