“…The four pathways described are the result of persistent hyperglycemia and converge in the formation of AGEs, with formation of ROS, mainly superoxide anion, contributing to altering intracellular redox status, leading to oxidative stress 29,30,33 . Therefore, the increased ROS in DM, together with the reduction of antioxidant defenses are related to the onset of diabetic complication 31,33,34 . ROS increase leads to DNA breaking, which activates poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP), reducing the Role of AGEs in diabetic kidney disease activity of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (GAPDH), a key enzyme in the glycolytic pathway, which, in turn, activates the polyol pathway, increases the formation of AGEs, PKC activation, and increases the flow of hexosamines 35 .…”