Sífilis congénita en México. Análisis de las normas nacionales e internacionales desde la perspectiva del diagnóstico de laboratorio

Herrera-Ortíz, Antonia; López‐Gatell, Hugo; García-Cisneros, Santa; Cortés-Ortiz, María Alejandra; Olamendi-Portugal, María; Hegewisch-Taylor, Jennifer; Sánchez-Alemán, Miguel Ángel

doi:10.24875/gmm.19004779

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…14 Syphilis screening during pregnancy is very important, so changes and updates to the O cial Mexican Standards, as well as the Clinical Guidelines, must be considered. 17 Young people had a greater increase in syphilis, in women it was the 15-24-year-old groups that had the highest rates, while among men it was presented in the 20-44-year-old groups. In the United States, it was reported that 45% of incident STI cases are concentrated in the population aged 15-24 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Re-Emergence of Syphilis in Women of Reproductive Age and its Association with the Increase in Congenital Syphilis, The Case of Mexico During the Years 2010-2019

García-Cisneros

Herrera-Ortíz

Olamendi-Portugal

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection that is re-emerging in different parts of the world. This infection can be transmitted during pregnancy causing neonatal syphilis. The objective of the study was to determine the trend of syphilis, congenital syphilis, and mortality from congenital syphilis among the Mexican population between the years 2010-2019. Methods. We formed databases about the incidence of syphilis, the incidence of congenital syphilis, cases of congenital syphilis, and deaths of congenital syphilis using information from the Morbidity and Mortality Yearbooks and the Bulletin of the Mexican Ministry of Health, considering age, sex, the states of Mexico, and year. The trend was analyzed using linear regression, the increase was estimated with 95% confidence intervals, and p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results. The incidence of syphilis increases on average 0.336 cases/100,000, being higher among women aged 15-19 years (0.693 cases). Congenital syphilis has grown, from 62 cases in the year 2010 to 372 cases in the year 2019; the cases of congenital syphilis have relation to the increase of syphilis among women aged 20-24 years. Fifty percent of the states of Mexico without cases of congenital syphilis in 2010, but only 10% in 2018. Between the years 2010 to 2017, 62 deaths from congenital syphilis were reported. Conclusion. Congenital syphilis is increasing in Mexico, as a consequence of the reemergence of syphilis among the population of reproductive age, it is necessary to attend to syphilis in various population groups.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Re-Emergence of Syphilis in Women of Reproductive Age and its Association with the Increase in Congenital Syphilis, The Case of Mexico During the Years 2010-2019

García-Cisneros

Herrera-Ortíz

Olamendi-Portugal

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Increased testing for syphilis during pregnancy should lead to decreased numbers of cases of congenital syphilis; however, it is unknown whether women who test positive have access to treatment [14]. Syphilis screening during pregnancy is very important, in Mexico, it is mandatory to offer a syphilis test to pregnant women; however, changes and updates to the Official Mexican Standards, as well as the Clinical Guidelines, must be considered [17]. Young people also showed a greater increase in the incidence of syphilis; in women, the 15-24-year-old group had the highest rates, while among men, the 20-44-yearold groups had the highest rates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Re-emergence of syphilis in women of reproductive age and its association with the increase in congenital syphilis in Mexico during 2010–2019: an ecological study

et al. 2021

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Background Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection that is re-emerging in different parts of the world. This infection can be transmitted during pregnancy, causing neonatal syphilis. The objective of this study was to examine trend in syphilis, congenital syphilis, and neonatal deaths among the Mexican population during 2010–2019. Methods An ecological study was carried out to collect information about the incidence of syphilis, the incidence of congenital syphilis, and the incidence of neonatal death from congenital syphilis. The variables were described considering age, sex, Mexican state, and year. Trends across time (calendar year) were analyzed using linear regression, increases were estimated with 95% confidence intervals, and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The incidence of syphilis increased by an average of 0.336 cases/100,000 per year and was higher among women aged 15–19 years (0.693 cases). Cases of congenital syphilis increased from 62 cases in 2010 to 372 cases in 2019; furthermore, the increase in syphilis cases among women aged 20 to 24 years was associated with an increase in cases of congenital syphilis. In 2010, 50% of Mexican states did not report cases of congenital syphilis, but in 2018, only 10% did not report cases of congenital syphilis. Between 2010 and 2018, 83 neonatal deaths were reported, with the highest incidence in 2018 (0.88 deaths/100,000 newborns). Conclusion The incidence of congenital syphilis is increasing in Mexico. As a consequence of the reemergence of syphilis among the population of reproductive age, it is necessary to address and treat syphilis in various population groups.

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“…Como parte de la atención prenatal idónea, referida en las normas oficiales mexicanas, a todas las mujeres embarazadas se les debe realizar durante la primera visita prenatal, independientemente del trimestre de la gestación, la prueba de VDRL o RPR, útiles en la pesquisa inicial de sífilis, cuyo diagnóstico se confirma al resultar positivas las pruebas treponémicas FTA-ABS o al identificar la presencia del Treponema pallidum en biopsia del tejido o líquido sospechoso. 10 Se debería considerar repetir la prueba de VDRL en los casos con factores de riesgo en diferentes momentos durante la gestación e inclusive previo al nacimiento. 9 La prevalencia entre las series es distinta, pero alrededor de un 40-50% de los productos infectados por sífilis durante la gestación culminan en pérdida gestacional.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Sífilis congénita temprana, serie de casos y descripción anatomopatológica

Heredia-Cimental¹,

Moreno-Pizarro²,

González-Córdova³

et al. 2020

Revista Latinoamericana De Infectología Pediátrica

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La sífilis congénita es la infección sistémica provocada por Treponema pallidum adquirida por el neonato, vía transplacentaria de una madre que padece sífilis durante el embarazo. La infección fetal puede ocurrir en cualquier momento de la gestación. La transmisión vertical es más frecuente durante la sífilis secundaria. En México, la incidencia es de 2.9 casos por cada 100,000 recién nacidos. El cuadro clínico es diverso. Material y métodos: Siendo 50% mujeres y el resto hombres, la edad gestacional en promedio es de 38 semanas, la edad de diagnóstico de cinco casos fue en la primera semana de vida, en un caso hasta el cuarto mes. Respecto a las características maternas, la edad media fue 22 años, tres de ellas toxicómanas, cuatro no tuvieron control prenatal, las dos que lo tuvieron sólo acudieron a dos citas. Sólo una tuvo el diagnóstico de sífilis prenatal y sólo en ella se instauró tratamiento antenatal, pero de forma incompleta. Todos los pacientes tuvieron descamación y reactantes de fase aguda alterados, cinco tuvieron bajo peso al nacer y hepatoesplenomegalia. Neumonía alba, alteraciones óseas y en la biometría hemática se presentaron en dos ocasiones cada alteración. El VDRL (Venereal Disease Research Laboratory) fue positivo sólo en un paciente en líquido cefalorraquídeo. El VDRL sérico fue positivo en todos los casos con titulaciones desde 1:8 hasta 1:256, todos tuvieron serología negativa para VIH. En todos los casos el tratamiento fue penicilina G cristalina, en cuatro pacientes la dosis fue de 50 UI/kg/dosis, y en dos de 300 UI/kg/dosis, con duración de 10-14 días. Sólo un caso falleció, el resto vive. Conclusiones: La sífilis congénita es un problema de salud pública debido a la morbimortalidad para el neonato. En todos nuestros casos hubo un pobre o nulo control prenatal.

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Sífilis congénita en México. Análisis de las normas nacionales e internacionales desde la perspectiva del diagnóstico de laboratorio

Cited by 7 publications

References 8 publications

Re-Emergence of Syphilis in Women of Reproductive Age and its Association with the Increase in Congenital Syphilis, The Case of Mexico During the Years 2010-2019

Re-Emergence of Syphilis in Women of Reproductive Age and its Association with the Increase in Congenital Syphilis, The Case of Mexico During the Years 2010-2019

Re-emergence of syphilis in women of reproductive age and its association with the increase in congenital syphilis in Mexico during 2010–2019: an ecological study

Sífilis congénita temprana, serie de casos y descripción anatomopatológica

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