Short-term temporal variation in sporulation dynamics of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and physico-chemical edaphic properties of wheat rhizosphere

Abstract

In this study, we investigated the pattern of short-term temporal variation in the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and physico-chemical edaphic properties of some wheat growing areas of the Bundelkhand region, Central India. Rhizospheric soil samples were collected every month from December 2007 to May 2008 from four wheat growing sites around Jhansi (Bundelkhand region). AM fungal root colonization, sporulation and physico-chemical edaphic properties during this period were determined and compared to evaluate the dynamics of response of wheat towards the AMF along crop maturation. Maximum AMF root colonization recorded was 54.3% indicating that AMF, particularly in low phosphorus (P) soils, can be important even in case of less responsive crop like wheat. In the two out of four sites studied, the AMF spore density increased with the increase in soil temperature. Absence of this type of pattern in remaining two sites indicated that site-specific environmental and agricultural conditions may affect the degree of wheat response to AMF. It also suggested that AMF communities inhabiting agroecosystems may exhibit considerable temporal sporulation patterns. The maximum AMF colonization was observed during February-March 2008, whereas maximum AMF sporulation was noticed during March-April 2008. Statistically significant negative correlation of AMF spore density with pH, organic carbon (OC) and available P was observed in the one of the sites studied. Overall assessment of the data indicated that season and location significantly affected the interaction of AM fungi with winter wheat necessitating the further need to understand the ecology of AMF populations with reference to specific host species under different micro-climatic conditions of Bundelkhand region.

Diversity and Agricultural Applications of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Mexico

“…It is thought that the habitat, the limited fungal dispersion and sporulation patterns significantly influence the AMF composition at specific plant communities [13,[51][52][53][54][55]. These ecological and genetic aspects of the AMF have special relevance in regards of their functionality and biotechnological application so that different microbial groups conformed by several genera or species included in specific microbial assemblies or consortia, may display much more beneficial effects on plants than those effects obtained when individual species are inoculated [15,40].…”

Short Communication: Presence of arbuscular mycorrhiza in maize plantation land cultivated with traditional and improved land management

“…Soil disturbances such as tillage (Entry et al 2002;Kabir 2005; Schalamuk and Cabello 2010), long-term use of inorganic fertilizer (Rubio et al 2003;Bhadalung et al 2005), and pesticide (Entry et al 2002) have been reported to have negative impact on AM communities. However, other soil factors such as soil type and land use intensity (Oehl et al 2010), physico-chemical edaphic properties (Panwar et al 2011) and climate factor (de Oliveira and de Oleivera 2010) may also determine the sporulation or composition of AM fungal communities. At this study, the lower number of AM fungal spore density found under maize cropping system with improved land management might be related to soil factors such as soil disturbance, agrochemical inputs and soil organic carbon.…”

“…Environmental condition could affect population, diversity and distribution of AM fungi (Brundrett 1991;Sieverding 1991). For example, climate and edaphic factors, and physico-chemical edaphic factors have been related to sporulation and colonization of AM fungi (de Oliveira and de Oliveira 2010; Panwar et al 2011). In agricultural ecosystem in particular, the population and diversity of AM have been reported to be influenced by land management (Sieverding 1991;Ezawa et al 2000;Oehl et al 2003;Kabir 2005).…”

Water availability and formation of propagules of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with sorghum

“…Besides, the water availability in the soil can affect the production of glomerospores differently depending on the isolate of AMF. In the field contrasting results are observed, low water availability in the soil can reduce the AMF propagules production (Cui and Nobel, 1992) or increase of the glomerospores number and negatively affect the mycorrhizal colonization (Panwar et al, 2011). These differences in the number of glomerospores in the field can be related to the AMF species community composition, since the infectivity, persistence and formation of propagules vary with the AMF group (Klironomos and Hart, 2002).…”