Short-Term Memory Maintenance of Object Locations during Active Navigation: Which Working Memory Subsystem Is Essential?

Baumann, Oliver; Skilleter, Ashley J.; Mattingley, Jason B.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0019707

Cited by 16 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In this study we examined the participants' ability to successfully solve a series of virtual Hebb-Williams maze configurations. The completion of the task requires appropriate use of visual cues (i.e., based on the unique configuration of walls and alleys in each maze) and working and reference memory abilities as the individual completes successive trials of each maze, which is dependent on visual processing and attention (i.e., selecting the most relevant information) while navigating through the maze (Baumann, Skilleter, & Mattingley, 2011;Klauer & Zhao, 2004;McConnell & Quinn, 2000;Ploran, Bevitt, Oshiro, Parasuraman, & Thompson, 2014). These processes parallel those involved in reading, which may explain why both animal models of reading disorder, and children with impaired reading ability exhibit reduced performance on this task.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Translating dyslexia across species

et al. 2016

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Direct relationships between induced mutation in the DCDC2 candidate dyslexia susceptibility gene in mice and changes in behavioral measures of visual spatial learning have been reported. We were interested in determining whether performance on a visual-spatial learning and memory task could be translated across species (study 1) and whether children with reading impairment showed a similar impairment to animal models of the disorder (study 2). Study 1 included 37 participants who completed six trials of four different virtual Hebb-Williams maze configurations. A 2 × 4 × 6 mixed factorial repeated measures ANOVA indicated consistency in performance between humans and mice on these tasks, enabling us to translate across species. Study 2 included a total of 91 participants (age range = 8-13 years). Eighteen participants were identified with reading disorder by performance on the Woodcock-Johnson III Tests of Achievement. Participants completed six trials of five separate virtual Hebb-Williams maze configurations. A 2 × 5 × 6 mixed factorial ANCOVA (gender as covariate) indicated that individuals with reading impairment demonstrated impaired visuo-spatial performance on this task. Overall, results from this study suggest that we are able to translate behavioral deficits observed in genetic animal models of dyslexia to humans with reading impairment. Future studies will utilize the virtual environment to further explore the underlying basis for this impairment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Translating dyslexia across species

et al. 2016

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“…Our mixed findings for the first two experiments show how important it is to consider a multifactorial approach. Other studies indicate that a distinction between low and high performers would have made sense (Baumann et al, 2011). Inter-individual spatial abilities, working memory capacities and different preferred strategies have to be taken into account.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finding the Return Path: Landmark Position Effects and the Influence of Perspective

2016

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Much research has been done on how people find their way from one place to another. Compared to that, there is less research available on how people find back from the destination to their origin. We first present theoretical approaches to perceptual and cognitive processes involved in finding a return path, including concepts, such as visibility, structural salience, and allocentric versus egocentric perspective, followed by a series of three experiments. In these experiments, we presented subjects intersections that contained landmark information on different positions. In order to investigate the processes involved, we used different measures, such as route-continuation (in learning direction and in opposite direction) and free-recall of route information. In summary, the results demonstrate the importance of landmark positions at intersections (structural salience in combination with perspective) and that finding the return path is more difficult than reproducing the same route from the learning condition. All findings will be discussed with respect to the current research literature on landmark-based wayfinding.

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“…Indeed, we use a task repetition criterion to ensure learning and make forgetting more difficult (Corazzini et al, 2008 ). Eventually, when dealing with more complex search scenarios, taking into account that the user might forget a previously encountered location might be necessary (Baumann et al, 2011 ; Liverence and Scholl, 2015 ). Nevertheless, we account for apparent reductions in the user's knowledge of the BDT structure using the random model to penalize actions that, according to the model's encoding of the user's previous actions, represent mistakes in landmark choices.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Search Behaviors during the Acquisition of Expertise in a Sequential Decision-Making Task

Moënne‐Loccoz

Vergara

López

et al. 2017

Front. Comput. Neurosci.

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Our daily interaction with the world is plagued of situations in which we develop expertise through self-motivated repetition of the same task. In many of these interactions, and especially when dealing with computer and machine interfaces, we must deal with sequences of decisions and actions. For instance, when drawing cash from an ATM machine, choices are presented in a step-by-step fashion and a specific sequence of choices must be performed in order to produce the expected outcome. But, as we become experts in the use of such interfaces, is it possible to identify specific search and learning strategies? And if so, can we use this information to predict future actions? In addition to better understanding the cognitive processes underlying sequential decision making, this could allow building adaptive interfaces that can facilitate interaction at different moments of the learning curve. Here we tackle the question of modeling sequential decision-making behavior in a simple human-computer interface that instantiates a 4-level binary decision tree (BDT) task. We record behavioral data from voluntary participants while they attempt to solve the task. Using a Hidden Markov Model-based approach that capitalizes on the hierarchical structure of behavior, we then model their performance during the interaction. Our results show that partitioning the problem space into a small set of hierarchically related stereotyped strategies can potentially capture a host of individual decision making policies. This allows us to follow how participants learn and develop expertise in the use of the interface. Moreover, using a Mixture of Experts based on these stereotyped strategies, the model is able to predict the behavior of participants that master the task.

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Short-Term Memory Maintenance of Object Locations during Active Navigation: Which Working Memory Subsystem Is Essential?

Cited by 16 publications

References 30 publications

Translating dyslexia across species

Translating dyslexia across species

Finding the Return Path: Landmark Position Effects and the Influence of Perspective

Modeling Search Behaviors during the Acquisition of Expertise in a Sequential Decision-Making Task

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