Short-Term High- and Moderate-Intensity Training Modifies Inflammatory and Metabolic Factors in Response to Acute Exercise

Abstract

Purpose: To compare the acute and chronic effects of high intensity intermittent training (HIIT) and steady state training (SST) on the metabolic profile and inflammatory response in physically active men.Methods: Thirty recreationally active men were randomly allocated to a control group (n = 10), HIIT group (n = 10), or SST group (n = 10). For 5 weeks, three times per week, subjects performed HIIT (5 km 1-min at 100% of maximal aerobic speed interspersed by 1-min passive recovery) or SST (5 km at 70% of maximal aerobic speed) while the control group did not perform training. Blood samples were collected at fasting (~12 h), pre-exercise, immediately post, and 60 min post-acute exercise session (pre- and post-5 weeks training). Blood samples were analyzed for glucose, non-ester fatty acid (NEFA), and cytokine (IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α) levels through a three-way analysis (group, period, and moment of measurement) with repeated measures in the second and third factors.Results: The results showed an effect of moment of measurement (acute session) with greater values to TNF-α and glucose immediately post the exercise when compared to pre exercise session, independently of group or training period. For IL-6 there was an interaction effect for group and moment of measurement (acute session) the increase occurred immediately post-exercise session and post-60 min in the HIIT group while in the SST the increase was observed only 60 min post, independently of training period. For IL-10, there was an interaction for training period (pre- and post-training) and moment of measurement (acute session), in which in pre-training, pre-exercise values were lower than immediately and 60 min post-exercise, in post-training period pre-exercise values were lower than immediately post-exercise and immediately post-exercise lower than 60 min post, it was also observed that values immediately post-exercise were lower pre- than post-training, being all results independently of intensity (group).Conclusion: Our main result point to an interaction (acute and chronic) for IL-10 showing attenuation post-training period independent of exercise intensity.

Acute and chronic effects of High Intensity Interval Training on inflammatory and oxidative stress markers of postmenopausal obese women

“…After 4 weeks of training, an acute elevation in anti‐inflammatory cytokines, but not in proinflammatory mediators, occurred at the end of the 8th session of HIIE. Interestingly, the acute enhancement of IL‐10 and IL‐1ra after HIIE was not observed by others authors, who found no impact on the elevation of proinflammatory and anti‐inflammatory cytokines in lean physically active males . The discrepancies between our results and past studies may be related to differences in HIIT progression over the weeks and the population studied.…”

Preventive effects of low‐intensity exercise on cancer cachexia–induced muscle atrophy

“…However, lowintensity exercise failed to inhibit the increase in serum inflammatory cytokine level in the present study. It is important to set optimal exercise intensity for decreasing the systemic expression level of inflammatory cytokines (39). It has been suggested that moderate or high-intensity exercise is required to decrease the expression level of inflammatory cytokines (39).…”

“…It is important to set optimal exercise intensity for decreasing the systemic expression level of inflammatory cytokines (39). It has been suggested that moderate or high-intensity exercise is required to decrease the expression level of inflammatory cytokines (39). Therefore, low-intensity exercise was not enough to decrease the systemic expression level of inflammatory cytokines.…”

Effects of Acute Aerobic Exercise on the Early Stage of Energy Metabolism Related Gene Expression in Mouse Gastrocnemius: Microarray Analysis

“…또한 사람을 대상으로 한 연구에서는 근세포내 지질축 적 정도가 운동 트레이닝에 의해 변화된다는 결과가 있었다 [9]. 최근에 는 대사와 염증관련 적응의 측면에서 서로 다른 강도의 장단기 운동 이 혈중 IL-5, IL-10, TNF-alpha, IL-6/IL-10, NEFA, 글루코스 등의 수준 에 긍정적인 영향을 끼친다는 연구와 같이 [10] Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites 범주에서는 neomycin, ka-…”