Short-term changes in eating patterns explain the effects of condensed tannins on feed intake in heifers

Landau, S.; Silanikove, Nissim; Nitsan, Zafrira; Barkai, D.; Baram, H.; Provenza, Frederick D.; Perevolotsky, Avi

doi:10.1016/s0168-1591(00)00125-8

Cited by 82 publications

(37 citation statements)

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“…This result could be linked to a wider and more uniform distribution of eating activity throughout the whole day, which Bonanno et al (2007) observed on ewes grazing sulla compared with ewes grazing ryegrass and attributed to CT. Similarly, Landau et al (2000) demonstrated that CT-exposed cattle spent less time on main meals and had increased frequency of small meals; these authors interpreted this eating pattern as a means to preserve the ruminal environment from the negative effects of high CT intake, such as partial deactivation of microbial cellulase, and consequently lower fibre degradation in the rumen (Min et al, 2003) and impairment of DM and CP digestibility . On the contrary, in this study, the hypothesised eating pattern of S22 ewes (more small meals widely distributed throughout the day), attributed to CT, could have favoured a slower passage of ingesta along the digestive tract, or a more constant rumen environment, in this way improving nutrient utilisation, as can be presumed by the higher DM digestibility of S22 ewes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effects of ewes grazing sulla or ryegrass pasture for different daily durations on forage intake, milk production and fatty acid composition of cheese

Bonanno

Grigoli

Mazza

et al. 2016

animal

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Sulla (Sulla coronarium L.) forage is valued for its positive impact on ruminant production, in part due to its moderate content of condensed tannin (CT). The duration of daily grazing is a factor affecting the feed intake and milk production of ewes. In this study, the effects of grazing sulla pasture compared with annual ryegrass, and the extension of grazing from 8 to 22 h/day, were evaluated with regard to ewe forage intake and milk production, as well as the physicochemical properties and fatty acid (FA) composition of cheese. During 42 days in the spring, 28 ewes of the Comisana breed were divided into four groups (S8, S22, R8 and R22) that grazed sulla (S) or ryegrass (R) for 8 (0800 to 1600 h) or 22 h/day, and received no feeding supplement. In six cheese-making sessions, cheeses were manufactured from the 48 h bulk milk of each group. Compared with ewes grazing ryegrass, those grazing sulla had higher dry matter (DM) intake, intake rate and milk yield, and produced milk that was lower in fat and higher in casein. Ewes grazing for 22 h spent more time eating, which reduced the intake rate, increased DM and nutrient intake and milk yield, and reduced milk fat. Due to the ability of CT to inhibit the complete ruminal biohydrogenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), the FA composition of sulla cheese was more beneficial for consumer health compared with ryegrass cheese, having lower levels of saturated fatty acids and higher levels of PUFA and n-3 FA. The FA profile of S8 cheese was better than that of S22 cheese, as it was higher in branched-chain FA, monounsaturated FA, PUFA, rumenic acid (c9,t11-C18:2), and had a greater health-promoting index. The effect of short grazing time on sulla was attributed to major inhibition of PUFA biohydrogenating ruminal bacteria, presumably stimulated by the higher accumulation of sulla CT in the rumen, which is related to a higher intake rate over a shorter eating time. Thus, grazing sulla improved the performance of ewes, thereby increasing, especially with short grazing time, the nutritional properties of cheese fat.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effects of ewes grazing sulla or ryegrass pasture for different daily durations on forage intake, milk production and fatty acid composition of cheese

Bonanno

Grigoli

Mazza

et al. 2016

animal

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“…Abatement strategies themselves may affect feed intake (e.g. Landau et al, 2000), or affect CO 2 production without affecting intake (Bayaru et al, 2001).…”

Section: Portable Accumulation Chambers (Pac)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Applicability of short-term emission measurements for on-farm quantification of enteric methane

Hegarty

2013

Animal

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A short term enteric methane emission measurement is not identical to a measure of daily methane production (DMP) made in a respiration chamber (RC). While RC curtail most variation except that from quantity and composition of feed supplied, all shortterm measurements contain additional sources of variation. The points of difference can include measurement time(s) relative to feeding, feed intake before measurement, animal behaviour in selection of diet and level of activity before measurement. For systems where a short-term emission measurement is made at the same time in the daily feeding cycle (e.g. during twice-daily milking) scaling up of short-term emission rates to estimate DMP is feasible but the scaling coefficient(s) will be diet dependent. For systems such as GreenFeed where direct emission rates are measured on occasion throughout day and night, no scaling up may be required to estimate DMP. For systems where small numbers of emission measures are made, and there is no knowledge of prior feed intake, such as for portable accumulation chambers, scaling to DMP is not currently possible. Even without scaling up to DMP, short-term measured emission rates are adequate for identifying relative emission changes induced by mitigation strategies and could provide the data to support genetic selection of ruminants for reduced enteric emissions.Keywords: ruminant, greenhouse gas, enteric emissions, methane, measurement ImplicationsThe capacity to estimate daily methane production (DMP) or relative methane production of ruminants on the basis of short-term emission measurements will enable verification of enteric emission budgets and the development and verification of abatement techniques. This will enable more rapid deployment of abatement strategies and verify the emissions data used in carbon accounting transactions. Short-term emissions measurements are uniquely placed to accelerate methane abatement by genetic selection of livestock, which requires emission data for a large number of animals. IntroductionThe majority of understanding of animal energetics and daily methane production (DMP) has been obtained from indirect calorimetry using open or closed circuit respiration chambers (RC) (Blaxter, 1962;Blaxter and Clapperton, 1965). Increasingly, however, there is a demand to measure ruminant methane emissions in animals within their natural production environment. This demand arises from the need to verify inventories, verify mitigation claims on-farm and measure large numbers of animals to determine the genetic parameters of methane output (Chagunda et al., 2009;McEwan et al., 2012). Although mobile respiration hood systems exist for on-farm use (Kelly et al., 1994), and RC studies using thousands of animals are now being conducted (Arthur et al., 2012), this is extremely slow and expensive. Robinson et al. (2010) identified that short-term measures of methane production were strongly correlated with DMP and can be used to obtain short-term on-farm emission data without need for an RC. This paper summarise...

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“…Sumado a ello deben tenerse presente los mecanismos adaptativos especiales desarrollados por los animales. La presencia de Streptococcus caprinus en el rumen de caprinos y la secreción de saliva rica en prolina son las principales adaptaciones experimentadas por los caprinos, en los cuales plantas ricas en taninos son parte de su dieta (Landau 2000). Por otra parte, la toxicidad de los taninos para los animales no puede ser evaluada in vitro.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Efecto antihelmíntico in vitro de extractos de plantas sobre larvas infectantes de nematodos gastrointestinales de rumiantes

et al. 2010

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SUMMARYWith the purpose of studying the anthelmintic efficacy of some plant species presents in Queensland State, Australia, we tested in vitro the effect of plant extracts on infective larvae (L3) migration of Haemonchus placei, Cooperia sp., Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis. In general, plant extracts reduced the larval migration of Haemonchus placei and Cooperia sp. The most effective plants against Haemonchus placei and Cooperia sp. (P < 0.0001) were Allocasuarina torulosa, Neolitsea dealbata, Acacia holosericea, Acacia salicina, Callitris endlicheri and Casuarina cunninghamiana. Plants extracts were less effective on L3 migration of Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis. Callitris endlicheri, Casuarina cunninghamiana, Acacia farnesiana, Acacia holosericea and Acacia nilotica were the plant extracts that shown an important larval migration inhibition against H. contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis (P < 0.0001). Callitris endlicheri was the plant that consistently inhibited the larval migration of every nematode species under study. These in vitro results suggest anthelmintic properties associate with some of the plant species we studied.Palabras clave: evaluación in vitro, nematodos gastrointestinales, plantas, propiedades antihelmínticas.

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Short-term changes in eating patterns explain the effects of condensed tannins on feed intake in heifers

Cited by 82 publications

References 20 publications

Effects of ewes grazing sulla or ryegrass pasture for different daily durations on forage intake, milk production and fatty acid composition of cheese

Effects of ewes grazing sulla or ryegrass pasture for different daily durations on forage intake, milk production and fatty acid composition of cheese

Applicability of short-term emission measurements for on-farm quantification of enteric methane

Efecto antihelmíntico in vitro de extractos de plantas sobre larvas infectantes de nematodos gastrointestinales de rumiantes

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