Short-chain fructo-oligosaccharides enhances intestinal barrier function by attenuating mucosa inflammation and altering colonic microbiota composition of weaning piglets

Zhao, Wangsheng; Yuan, Meng; Li, Pengcheng; Yan, Honglin; Zhang, Hongfu; Liu, Jingbo

doi:10.1080/1828051x.2019.1612286

“…Altered intestinal microbiota and SCFAs have important effects on the maintenance of intestinal barrier function [ 55 ]. In addition, intestinal inflammation is closely associated with the intestinal barrier.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Galacto-oligosaccharides improve barrier function and relieve colonic inflammation via modulating mucosa-associated microbiota composition in lipopolysaccharides-challenged piglets

Gao

¹

,

Tian

²

,

Wang

³

et al. 2021

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

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Background Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) have been shown to modulate the intestinal microbiota of suckling piglets to exert beneficial effects on intestinal function. However, the modulation of intestinal microbiota and intestinal function by GOS in intestinal inflammation injury models has rarely been reported. In this study, we investigated the effects of GOS on the colonic mucosal microbiota composition, barrier function and inflammatory response of lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-challenged suckling piglets. Methods A total of 18 newborn suckling piglets were divided into three groups, the CON group, the LPS-CON group and the LPS-GOS group. Piglets in the LPS-GOS group were orally fed with 1 g/kg body weight of GOS solution every day. On the d 14, piglets in the LPS-CON and LPS-GOS group were challenged intraperitoneally with LPS solution. All piglets were slaughtered 2 h after intraperitoneal injection and sampled. Results We found that the colonic mucosa of LPS-challenged piglets was significantly injured and shedding, while the colonic mucosa of the LPS-GOS group piglets maintained its structure. Moreover, GOS significantly reduced the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the LPS-challenged suckling piglets, and significantly increased the activity of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC). GOS significantly increased the relative abundance of norank_f__Muribaculaceae and Romboutsia, and significantly decreased the relative abundance of Alloprevotella, Campylobacter and Helicobacter in the colonic mucosa of LPS-challenged suckling piglets. In addition, GOS increased the concentrations of acetate, butyrate and total short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the colonic digesta of LPS-challenged suckling piglets. GOS significantly reduced the concentrations of interleukin 1β (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14), and the relative mRNA expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88) in the LPS-challenged suckling piglets. In addition, GOS significantly reduced the relative mRNA expression of mucin2 (MUC2), and significantly increased the protein expression of Claudin-1 and zonula occluden-1 (ZO-1) in LPS-challenged suckling piglets. Conclusions These results suggested that GOS can modulate the colonic mucosa-associated microbiota composition and improve the intestinal function of LPS-challenged suckling piglets.

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“…The small intestine is the main site of absorption of nutrients. The morphology of the intestine is an important indicator of the health of the intestine [34,35]. The villus height determines the ability of the small intestine to absorb nutrients, and the V/C is considered a useful criterion to estimate the nutrient absorption capacity of the small intestine [36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the Ratio of Insoluble Fiber to Soluble Fiber in Gestation Diets on Sow Performance and Offspring Intestinal Development

Li

¹

,

Zhang

²

,

Liu

³

et al. 2019

Animals

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To investigate the effects of the ratio of insoluble fiber to soluble fiber (ISF:SF) on sow performance and piglet intestinal development, we randomly assigned 64 gilts to four treatments comprising diets with the same level of dietary fiber, but different ISF:SF values of 3.89 (T1), 5.59 (T2), 9.12 (T3), and 12.81 (T4). At birth and weaning, six piglets per treatment at each phase were slaughtered for sampling. As ISF:SF increased, the mean piglet body weight (BW) at weaning and piglet BW gain, which were all significantly higher in T1 and T2 compared with T3 and T4 (p < 0.05), showed a linear decrease (p < 0.05); the crypt depth of the jejunum in weaned piglets linearly increased, whereas the duodenal weight, jejunal villus height, and villus height/crypt depth in newborn piglets and enzymatic activity of lactase, sucrase, and maltase linearly decreased (p < 0.05). No differences were observed in the yield and composition of milk (p > 0.05). Moreover, when the ISF:SF was 3.89 in gestation diets, higher piglet BW at weaning occurred, possibly because the ISF:SF affected development and enzymatic activity in the small intestine—effects related to digestion and absorption of nutrients—and consequently enhanced piglet BW gain.

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“…Altered intestinal microbiota and SCFAs have important effects on the maintenance of intestinal barrier function 47 . In addition, intestinal in ammation is closely associated with the intestinal barrier.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Galacto-Oligosaccharides Improve Barrier Function and Relieve Colonic Inflammation via Modulating Mucosa-Associated Microbiota Composition in Lipopolysaccharides-Challenged Piglets

Gao

¹

,

Tian

²

,

Wang

³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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BackgroundGalacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) have been shown to modulate the intestinal microbiota of suckling piglets to exert beneficial effects on intestinal function. However, the modulation of intestinal microbiota and intestinal function by GOS in intestinal inflammation injury models has rarely been reported. In this study, we investigated the effects of GOS on the colonic mucosal microbiota composition, barrier function and inflammatory response of lipopolysaccharides-challenged suckling piglets.Resultwe found that the colonic mucosa of LPS-challenged piglets was significantly injured and shedding, while the colonic mucosa of the LPS-GOS group piglets maintained its structure. GOS increased the relative abundance of Lactobacillus (P = 0.058), norank_f__Muribaculaceae and Romboutsia, and decreased the relative abundance of Alloprevotella, Campylobacter and Helicobacter in the colonic mucosa of LPS-challenged suckling piglets. In addition, GOS increased the concentrations of acetate, butyrate and total SCFAs in the colonic digesta of LPS-challenged suckling piglets. Increased SCFAs had beneficial effects on colonic barrier function and inflammatory status, including the enhanced protein expression of Claudin-1 and ZO-1 in the colonic mucosa of LPS-challenged suckling piglets, the decreased concentrations of interleukin 1β (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14), and the decreased relative expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88).ConclusionsThese results suggested that GOS modulated the colonic mucosa-associated microbiota composition and improved the intestinal function of LPS-challenged suckling piglets.

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Short-chain fructo-oligosaccharides enhances intestinal barrier function by attenuating mucosa inflammation and altering colonic microbiota composition of weaning piglets

Cited by 21 publications

References 60 publications

Galacto-oligosaccharides improve barrier function and relieve colonic inflammation via modulating mucosa-associated microbiota composition in lipopolysaccharides-challenged piglets

Galacto-oligosaccharides improve barrier function and relieve colonic inflammation via modulating mucosa-associated microbiota composition in lipopolysaccharides-challenged piglets

Effects of the Ratio of Insoluble Fiber to Soluble Fiber in Gestation Diets on Sow Performance and Offspring Intestinal Development

Galacto-Oligosaccharides Improve Barrier Function and Relieve Colonic Inflammation via Modulating Mucosa-Associated Microbiota Composition in Lipopolysaccharides-Challenged Piglets

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