Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in drinking water supplies of north Paraná State, Brazil

Abstract

Aim: To determine the occurrence and characteristics of Shiga toxinproducing Escherichia coli (STEC) in drinking water supplies treated and untreated. Methods and Results: Drinking water samples (n = 1850) were collected from 41 municipalities in the north of Paran a State between February 2005 and January 2006. Escherichia coli isolates (n = 300) were recovered from water and investigated for the presence of virulence markers related to STEC by PCR. STEC isolates recovered were then characterized for both phenotypic and genotypic traits. A total of 12 isolates (11 from untreated water and one from treated water) were positive for stx, including five positive for both stx1 and stx2, two positive for stx1 and five positive for stx2. None of the STEC isolates contained eae, but other virulence genes were observed such as ehxA (100%), saa (100%), lpfA O113 (75%), iha (42%), subAB (25%) and cdtV (8%). Multidrug resistance was identified in 25% of the STEC isolates. The 12 STEC isolates belonged to seven distinct serotypes and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis typing revealed the presence of two clusters and two clones in this region. Conclusion: Drinking water, especially from untreated water supplies, can be source of STEC strains potentially pathogenic for humans. Significance and Impact of the Study: The investigation of the drinking water supplies for pathogenic E. coli, as STEC, may be useful to prevent waterborne outbreaks.

Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli

“…The isolation of STEC strains from drinking water supplies, collected in different municipalities in northern Paraná State, has been recently described, highlighting the importance of drinking water, especially that from untreated water supplies, as a source of STEC strains potentially pathogenic for humans 187 . Taking into account that chicken litter is very useful as an organic soil fertilizer for the production of fruits and vegetables in our settings, the detection of STEC in organic chicken fertilizer used on farms 188 also represents a significant public health safety hazard.…”

Verificação Da Temperatura De Distribuição De Refeições Quentes Ofertadas Em Uma Instituição De Longa Permanência Para Idosos E a Correlação Com O Crescimento Microbiológico

“…No Brasil já foram identificadas bactérias resistentes aos antibióticos em água de rio (COUTINHO et al, 2014), lago e lagoa (COUTINHO et al, 2014;MARTINS et al, 2014), e do mar (COUTINHO et al, 2014) Também já foram identificadas bactérias resistentes em estações de tratamento de esgotos (RIBEIRO, 2011), em água de tanques usados para aquicultura (CARVALHO et al, 2013;RESENDE et al, 2012) e até mesmo em água potável (LASCOWSKI et al, 2013). Esse cenário se torna mais preocupante uma vez que em algumas regiões brasileiras o uso da água apresenta certas limitações em decorrência da sua escassez, más condições de tratamento, contaminação por efluentes domésticos, industriais e/ou agropecuários contendo resíduos de antibióticos (MARENGO, 2008).…”

Shiga toxin‐producingEscherichia coliin the animal reservoir and food in Brazil

“…), pasteurized milk (Hoffmann et al ; Silva et al ), cheese (Paneto et al ; Martins et al ; Cardoso and Marin ), chicken (Gonzalez et al ), fish (Ribeiro et al ; Cardozo et al ) and water (Vicente et al ; Sandrini et al . ; Lascowski et al ) have also been investigated (Table ).…”

“…STEC was identified in drinking water for human consumption in PR and RS (Sandrini et al . ; Lascowski et al ) (Table ).…”

“…O111:NT STEC carrying the stx2 gene was isolated from fresh retail beef in MT (Castro et al ). In addition, NT:H19 STEC was isolated from drinking water in PR (Lascowski et al ).…”