Shape Modelling and Volume Optimisation of Salt Caverns for Energy Storage

Cyran, Katarzyna; Kowalski, Michał

doi:10.3390/app11010423

Cited by 26 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The main rocks surrounding the reservoir are salt layers [20,21,[57][58][59][60][61]. These layers usually extend at a depth of 400 to 2000 m. Above the salt deposits, there are other rock layers with a thickness of between 30 and 1800 m. The authors mentioned gneiss, dolomite shale, clay-sulfate, mudstone and clay as the layers of surrounding rocks.…”

Section: Salt Cavernsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerical modeling methods can be very useful in the design of cavern shape, ensuring stability under the given geological and mining conditions. However, applied models are idealized and projected by geometrical solids and do not always reflect the actual shape obtained in the leaching process [60]. When the direct leaching method for cavern construction is applied, cylindrical caverns are usually formed.…”

Section: Salt Cavernsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The direct method depends on the pumping of fresh water or unsaturated brine into the cavern through the inner leaching string. Then, the saturated brine is removed through the annular space between external and inner leaching string [60]. In the reverse method, the water is injected through the annular space of the leaching strings.…”

Section: Salt Cavernsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Hydrogen Storage in Geological Formations—The Potential of Salt Caverns

et al. 2022

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Hydrogen-based technologies are among the most promising solutions to fulfill the zero-emission scenario and ensure the energy independence of many countries. Hydrogen is considered a green energy carrier, which can be utilized in the energy, transport, and chemical sectors. However, efficient and safe large-scale hydrogen storage is still challenging. The most frequently used hydrogen storage solutions in industry, i.e., compression and liquefaction, are highly energy-consuming. Underground hydrogen storage is considered the most economical and safe option for large-scale utilization at various time scales. Among underground geological formations, salt caverns are the most promising for hydrogen storage, due to their suitable physicochemical and mechanical properties that ensure safe and efficient storage even at high pressures. In this paper, recent advances in underground storage with a particular emphasis on salt cavern utilization in Europe are presented. The initial experience in hydrogen storage in underground reservoirs was discussed, and the potential for worldwide commercialization of this technology was analyzed. In Poland, salt deposits from the north-west and central regions (e.g., Rogóźno, Damasławek, Łeba) are considered possible formations for hydrogen storage. The Gubin area is also promising, where 25 salt caverns with a total capacity of 1600 million Nm3 can be constructed.

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Section: Salt Cavernsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Salt Cavernsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrogen Storage in Geological Formations—The Potential of Salt Caverns

et al. 2022

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“…rock acoustic experiments [26] can be used to assess MiCP's effectiveness in repairing small rock cracks. other applications of biological improvement include reducing the permeability of salt caves for the storage of natural gas, lPG, oil, hydrogen, and compressed air [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effective Parameters on the Behaviour of Treated Sands by Microbial-Induced Calcite Precipitation under Undrained Triaxial Test

2023

Archives of Mining Sciences

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The effecTive ParameTers on The Behaviour of TreaTed sands By microBial-induced calciTe PreciPiTaTion under undrained Triaxial TesTNowadays, geotechnical specialists are focused on reinforcing soil engineering parameters using innovative and environmentally friendly methods. Microbial-induced Calcite Precipitation is a ground improvement method for modifying soil strength, permeability, and stiffness; therefore, it can be vital to study the effective factors on the technique's efficiency and cost reduction. This study examined how biologically treated sands subjected to undrained triaxial loading responded to simultaneous changes in cementation solution molarity, optical density (od 600 ), and curing time. The triaxial experiments showed that the strength increased with the rise in the mentioned parameters. While the solution molarity and optical density had the highest and lowest effect on the soil improvement process, respectively, the optical density role was considerably low when the molarity was high. increasing the molarity of the cementation solution resulted in a 45% increase in the peak stress ratio, while the optical density and curing time were constant. on the other hand, similar behaviour of dense sand and change in the response of cemented soil from strain-hardening to strain-softening were other notable observations of this study. in addition, the peak stress ratio at low strains increased with increasing the cementation level and then decreased to close to the amount of untreated sand with increasing strain.

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“…The long-term geomechanical stability of the designed storage caverns creates the need to improve the criteria of stability, strength, and adjust parameters at the design stage so that the cavern is created relatively quickly and fulfils its tasks with the best possible efficiency. The stability of the cavern is directly dependent on the shape that it forms during the leaching process [13,14]. Additionally, the deformation of the terrain above the underground gas storage facilities located in salt caverns strongly depends on their shape and volume [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Method to Increase the Leaching Progress of Salt Caverns with the Use of the Hydro-Jet Technique

Chromik

Korzeniowski

2021

Energies

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For the storage of hydrocarbons, hydrogen, or other products, underground caverns left over from the exploitation of salt deposits, or made specifically for this purpose, are successfully used. This article analyses the effectiveness of currently used well-leaching technologies in terms of the possibility of increasing the speed of obtaining industrial brine, better control of the shape of the created cavern, and, as a result, a shorter production time. An innovative solution was proposed, which consisted of creating appropriate niches in the walls of the leach well using the high-pressure hydrojet technique, just before the start of the sump leaching. A series of numerical simulations of the technologies were performed for various combinations of niche locations along the well, determining the successive phases of the formation of the cavern space at individual stages and the brine concentration increments for the two assumed technology scenarios. As a result of the modified technology, the possibility of creating a sump with a volume greater than 17%, compared to the classical method carried out at the same time, was indicated. The resulting sump also had a better shape to partially eliminate the reduction in leaching efficiency due to the accumulation of insoluble matter at the bottom. In addition, the brine obtained according to the modified technology had a 15% higher concentration than in the classical method.

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Shape Modelling and Volume Optimisation of Salt Caverns for Energy Storage

Cited by 26 publications

References 29 publications

Hydrogen Storage in Geological Formations—The Potential of Salt Caverns

Hydrogen Storage in Geological Formations—The Potential of Salt Caverns

The Effective Parameters on the Behaviour of Treated Sands by Microbial-Induced Calcite Precipitation under Undrained Triaxial Test

A Method to Increase the Leaching Progress of Salt Caverns with the Use of the Hydro-Jet Technique

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