Sex-related differences in foot shape

Krauß, Inga; Grau, Stefan; Mauch, Marlene; Maiwald, Christian; Horstmann, Thomas

doi:10.1080/00140130802376026

Cited by 120 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The present finding is in contrast with Abledu et al(2015), Krauss et al(2008), Wunderlich et al(2001), Krishan and Sharma (2007), Krishan et al(2012), Fessler et al(2005), Kanchan et al(2008), Agnihotri et al(2007aAgnihotri et al( , 2007b where all the footprint dimensions were significantly greater in boys than girls. However, this study is in consistent with Hernandez et al 2006 where SPAI showed no significant difference in terms of gender.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

Footprint analysis and prevalence of flatfoot: a study among the children of South 24 Parganas, West Bengal, India

Bhattacharjee

Goswami

2017

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The present study envisages the morphological differences in anthropometric measurements on footprints among the preschool children and analyzes its manifestation in the different weight category. This study also focuses on the diagnosis of flatfoot among the studied population. Data has been collected from 160 participants (80 boys and 80 girls) from Bengali Hindu caste population aged 3 to 6 years. Anthropometric measurements included height, weight and body mass index. Other measurements on foot morphology included foot length, foot breadth diagonal, foot breadth horizontal, ball of the foot length, outside ball of the boot length, heel breadth, and toe lengths T1, T2, T3.T4, T5. Staheli's Plantar Arch Index, Chippaux-Smirak Index and foot angle were calculated. Various statistical tests like t-test, Pearson's correlation and ANOVA were performed. Among all the variables, foot breadth horizontal showed statistically significant difference between boys and girls (p<0.05). All the footprint dimensions showed a significant (p<0.05) positive correlation with height and weight in both the boys and the girls. However, the Staheli's Plantar Arch Index showed a significant (p<0.05) negative correlation with height and weight and Chippaux-Smirak Index showed a significant (p<0.05) negative correlation with height only among both the boys and the girls. Significant differences (ANOVA) were found between the foot morphology of children in three different weight categories (underweight, healthy and overweight) except the foot angle, and both indices. The present study evinces that weight affects the foot structure of the children. The prevalence of flatfoot was found to be 57.5% among the children with no significant difference (p<0.05) between the boys and the girls. The results thus provide a podium for intricate studies in the future. Timely prognosis of flatfoot in children can instigate early rectification of flat-footedness.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

Footprint analysis and prevalence of flatfoot: a study among the children of South 24 Parganas, West Bengal, India

Bhattacharjee

Goswami

2017

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“…They cover a wide spectrum of different topics relevant for shoe production, medicinal and forensic research: age estimation (Hackman et al, 2013), sexual dimorphism and sex determination (Fessler et al, 2005;Atamturk, 2010;Krauss et al, 2011aKrauss et al, , 2011bKautilya et al, 2013;Kanchan et al, 2014;Keme Ebimobo et al, 2014;Rahman et al, 2014), body size estimation (Mohanty et al, 2012), and uniqueness (see Bennett and Morse, 2014, pp. 180ff) as well as anthropological basics (growth of foot) (Davenport, 1932;Meredith, 1944;Anderson et al, 1956;Mauch et al, 2008a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experience based reading of Pleistocene human footprints in Pech-Merle

Pastoors

Lenssen-Erz

Breuckmann³

et al. 2017

Quaternary International

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“…Some examples of this exclusion are papers by Bradshaw and Rossignol, [32], De Paula et al [33] and Ibrahim et al [34]. Studies that presented 3D or photography methods (2D) to collected data were also excluded [35,36]. Several studies were not considered in this review because the sample considered comprised only university students [37] or only male workers [38], instead of younger school students.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A literature review of anthropometric studies of school students for ergonomics purposes: Are accuracy, precision and reliability being considered?

Bravo

Bragança

Arezes

et al. 2018

WOR

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BACKGROUND: Despite offering many benefits, direct manual anthropometric measurement method can be problematic due to their vulnerability to measurement errors. OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this literature review was to determine, whether or not the currently published anthropometric studies of school children, related to ergonomics, mentioned or evaluated the variables precision, reliability and/or accuracy in the direct manual measurement method. METHODS:Two bibliographic databases, and the bibliographic references of all the selected papers were used for finding relevant published papers in the fields considered in this study. RESULTS:Forty-six (46) studies met the criteria previously defined for this literature review. However, only ten (10) studies mentioned at least one of the analyzed variables, and none has evaluated all of them. Only reliability was assessed by three papers. Moreover, in what regards the factors that affect precision, reliability and accuracy, the reviewed papers presented large differences. This was particularly clear in the instruments used for the measurements, which were not consistent throughout the studies. Additionally, it was also clear that there was a lack of information regarding the evaluators' training and procedures for anthropometric data collection, which are assumed to be the most important issues that affect precision, reliability and accuracy. CONCLUSIONS:Based on the results it was possible to conclude that the considered anthropometric studies had not focused their attention to the analysis of precision, reliability and accuracy of the manual measurement methods. Hence, and with the aim of avoiding measurement errors and misleading data, anthropometric studies should put more efforts and care on testing measurement error and defining the procedures used to collect anthropometric data.Keywords: anthropometry, measurements, repeatability. INTRODUCTIONAnthropometry is the branch of the human sciences that deals with body measurements: measurements of size, shape, strength and working capacity [1]. The anthropometric data are essential for applying ergonomic principles for the design and improvement of a wide range of products for different users [2][3][4]. In school environments, anthropometry has become an important discipline, as it can be used to provide relevant students' anthropometric characteristics, which in turn can be used to provide critical information for school furniture design [5,6]. When the correct anthropometric data and sample population are not consider, a mismatch between anthropometric dimensions and school furniture may occur, which could ultimately result in the development of musculoskeletal disorders within the students and other problems related to the learning process [7][8][9]. Additionally, if school furniture is not locally designed, importers should ensure that the appropriate anthropometric data were considered, so that imported school furniture fits the intended use and users [10]. On the other hand, when employed correctly, anthr...

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Sex-related differences in foot shape

Cited by 120 publications

References 26 publications

Footprint analysis and prevalence of flatfoot: a study among the children of South 24 Parganas, West Bengal, India

Footprint analysis and prevalence of flatfoot: a study among the children of South 24 Parganas, West Bengal, India

Experience based reading of Pleistocene human footprints in Pech-Merle

A literature review of anthropometric studies of school students for ergonomics purposes: Are accuracy, precision and reliability being considered?

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