Sex differences in modulating blood brain barrier permeability by NO in pentylenetetrazol-induced epileptic seizures

Üzüm, Gülay; Dar, Kadriye Akgün; Aksu, Uğur; Atukeren, Pınar; Ziylan, Y. Ziya

doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2006.12.039

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Sex differences with respect to the primary function of capillary endothelial cells, fluid and solute exchange, have been demonstrated at multiple levels in a limited number of studies [15, 53, 54, 74, 89, 104, 112, 116]. In each it becomes evident that the differences can reflect the driving forces for exchange, EC morphology, and cell signaling, as well as EC responses to a myriad of mediators.…”

Section: Sexual Dimorphism In Capillary Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a study of seizure activity in rats, it was found that nitric oxide synthase blockade with L-NAME induced an increase in blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability (Evans blue dye extravasation), in females, not in males [15]. Surgical cessation of ovarian function in adult female swine also results in loss of meningeal microvascular barrier to fluorescently labeled protein [30]; replacement of estrogen in a pulsed dose (estrogen patches) restored barrier function (and changes in vessel architecture), whereas flat dose estrogen replacement was not effective [31].…”

Section: Sexual Dimorphism In Capillary Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sex-Specific Characteristics of the Microcirculation

Huxley

Kemp

2018

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

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The requirements of metabolizing tissue are both continuous and variable; accordingly, the microvasculature serving that tissue must be similarly dynamic. Just as it is recognized that males and females of the same species have differing metabolic requirements, is it not likely that the microvasculature serving these tissues will differ by sex? This section focusing on the constituents of the microcirculation identifies what is known presently about the role sex plays in matching metabolic demand with microvascular function and areas requiring additional study. Many of the identified sex differences are subtle and easily ignored. In the aggregate, though, they can profoundly alter phenotype, especially under stressful conditions including pregnancy, exercise, and disease states ranging from diabetes to heart failure. Although the features presently identified to “have sex” range from differences in growth, morphology, protein expression, and intracellular signaling, males and females alike achieve homeostasis, likely by different means. Studies of microvascular sexual dimorphism are also identifying age as an independent but interacting factor requiring additional attention. Overall, attempting to ignore either sex and/or age is inappropriate and will prevent the design and implementation of appropriate interventions to present, ameliorate, or correct microvascular dysfunction.

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Section: Sexual Dimorphism In Capillary Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sexual Dimorphism In Capillary Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex-Specific Characteristics of the Microcirculation

Huxley

Kemp

2018

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

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“…The data collected in this study are limited to male rats. In the ages we used, there are sex dependent differences in the brain (24) that may influence the efficacy of the drugs in treating SE in female rats (25).…”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective treatments of prolonged status epilepticus in developing rats

Hasson¹,

Kim²,

Moshé³

2008

Epilepsy & Behavior

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“…Serbest radikal bir gaz olan NO, hem nöronal haberci hem de beyinde nörotransmitterlerin modülatörü olarak işlev görür. [6,7] NO, sinaptik plastisite, uzun süreli potensiyelizasyon, uzun süreli depresyon, dopamin gibi nörotransmitterlerin alımı ve salınımının düzenlenmesi, nosisepsiyon, öğrenme ve hafıza, nöbet aktivitesi, beslenme ve madde bağımlılığı gibi birçok beyin fonksiyonunda rol oynamaktadır. [8] NO'nun, NO ile ilişkili kimyasal maddelere ve uyarıcılara bağlı olarak epileptogenezde bir antikonvülzan ve bir prokonvulzan görevi gördüğü bildirilmiştir.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Effects of pentylenetetrazol-induced kindling on mature and immature rat behavior, emotional learning and levels of nitric oxide in brain and serum

Göl¹,

Erdoğan²,

Kanan³

et al. 2018

Epilepsi

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Objectives: This aim of this study was to investigate emotional memory-learning and behavioral functions, as well as the relationship between these functions and the nitric oxide (NO) level in the serum and brain of mature and immature rats following pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced kindling. Methods: A total of 36 male Wistar albino rats were included in the study. Kindling was induced by repeated injections of a subconvulsive dose of PTZ (30 mg/kg) on alternate days until kindling development. The rats were tested using an elevated T-maze and an open-field test after PTZ kindling. Brain and serum NO levels were assessed. Results: Although both mature and immature rats were susceptible to PTZ-induced seizures, the mature rats had seizures of longer duration than the immature rats, with the exception of infants. There was no demonstrated effect of PTZ-kindling on emotional memory and learning functions in any of the rats. Anxiety levels were low in the mature-kindled rats but were high in the immature-kindled rats. NO levels in the brain were elevated and anxiety reactions were below normal in the mature rats. In immature rats, however, NO levels were normal, but anxiety reactions were elevated. Conclusion: Seizure susceptibility, emotional responses, and the relationship between these factors and brain NO level after PTZ-kindling differed in rats based on brain maturity status.

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Sex differences in modulating blood brain barrier permeability by NO in pentylenetetrazol-induced epileptic seizures

Cited by 11 publications

References 39 publications

Sex-Specific Characteristics of the Microcirculation

Sex-Specific Characteristics of the Microcirculation

Effective treatments of prolonged status epilepticus in developing rats

Effects of pentylenetetrazol-induced kindling on mature and immature rat behavior, emotional learning and levels of nitric oxide in brain and serum

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