Severe Lower Respiratory Tract Infection Caused by Human Bocavirus 1 in an Infant

Eskola, Vesa; Xu, Man; Söderlund‐Venermo, Maria

doi:10.1097/inf.0000000000001681

Cited by 16 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It is frequently detected in young children experiencing acute respiratory tract illness. The symptoms range from the mild symptoms of the common cold to severe pneumonia and bronchiolitis that can be life threatening (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9). Notably, recent studies have shown that HBoV1 infection is a significant cause of pediatric community-acquired pneumonia (CAP); when the respiratory secretions of pediatric patients with CAP were assessed for various infections using nonbiased transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) and viral mRNA detection analyses, HBoV1 was detected in 18.6% of children with CAP caused by unknown pathogens compared with 2.2% of control subjects, and HBoV1 alone appeared to be responsible for the disease in 2.1% of cases of CAP (10,11).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Parvovirus Infection of Human Airway Epithelia Induces Pyroptotic Cell Death by Inhibiting Apoptosis

Deng

Zou

Xiong

et al. 2017

J Virol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1) is a human parvovirus that causes acute respiratory tract infections in young children. In this study, we confirmed that, when polarized/well-differentiated human airway epithelia are infected with HBoV1 , they develop damage characterized by barrier function disruption and cell hypotrophy. Cell death mechanism analyses indicated that the infection induced pyroptotic cell death characterized by caspase-1 activation. Unlike infections with other parvoviruses, HBoV1 infection did not activate the apoptotic or necroptotic cell death pathway. When the NLRP3-ASC-caspase-1 inflammasome-induced pathway was inhibited by short hairpin RNA (shRNA), HBoV1-induced cell death dropped significantly; thus, NLRP3 mediated by ASC appears to be the pattern recognition receptor driving HBoV1 infection-induced pyroptosis. HBoV1 infection induced steady increases in the expression of interleukin 1α (IL-1α) and IL-18. HBoV1 infection was also associated with the marked expression of the antiapoptotic genes and When the expression of and/or was inhibited by shRNA, the infected cells underwent apoptosis rather than pyroptosis, as indicated by increased cleaved caspase-3 levels and the absence of caspase-1. and/or gene inhibition also significantly reduced HBoV1 replication. Thus, HBoV1 infection of human airway epithelial cells activates antiapoptotic proteins that suppress apoptosis and promote pyroptosis. This response may have evolved to confer a replicative advantage, thus allowing HBoV1 to establish a persistent airway epithelial infection. This is the first report of pyroptosis in airway epithelia infected by a respiratory virus. Microbial infection of immune cells often induces pyroptosis, which is mediated by a cytosolic protein complex called the inflammasome that senses microbial pathogens and then activates the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1 and IL-18. While virus-infected airway epithelia often activate NLRP3 inflammasomes, studies to date suggest that these viruses kill the airway epithelial cells via the apoptotic or necrotic pathway; involvement of the pyroptosis pathway has not been reported previously. Here, we show for the first time that virus infection of human airway epithelia can also induce pyroptosis. Human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1), a human parvovirus, causes lower respiratory tract infections in young children. This study indicates that HBoV1 kills airway epithelial cells by activating genes that suppress apoptosis and thereby promote pyroptosis. This strategy appears to promote HBoV1 replication and may have evolved to allow HBoV1 to establish persistent infection of human airway epithelia.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Parvovirus Infection of Human Airway Epithelia Induces Pyroptotic Cell Death by Inhibiting Apoptosis

Deng

Zou

Xiong

et al. 2017

J Virol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Furthermore, serological studies have revealed that HBoV1 acute infections occur most often in early childhood, with HBoV1 IgG seroconverting at a median age of 1.9 years and reaching a seroprevalence of 80% by 6 years of age [24]. Several clinical cases have shown severe or even life-threatening respiratory tract diseases due to HBoV1 infection in children [10,[15][16][17][18][19]29]. However, it should be kept in mind that, due to HBoV1 long-term persistence in the upper airways, the virus is frequently co-detected with other respiratory pathogens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These states of affairs at first may seem contradictory; however, HBoV1 has been shown to remain in the nasopharynx for several weeks and even months, thereby causing clinically false polymerase chain reaction (PCR) diagnoses. Moreover, life-threatening and even fatal HBoV1 infections have been reported [15][16][17][18][19]. The definition and diagnosis of acute HBoV1 respiratory tract infection is challenging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute human bocavirus 1 infection in child with life-threatening bilateral bronchiolitis and right-sided pneumonia: a case report

Ziemele

Vilmane

et al. 2019

J Med Case Reports

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Human bocavirus 1 is a commonly detected human parvovirus. Many studies have shown human bocavirus 1 as a pathogen in association with acute respiratory tract infections in children. However, because human bocavirus 1 persists in the upper airways for extensive time periods after acute infection, the definition and diagnostics of acute human bocavirus 1 infection is challenging. Until now, detection of human bocavirus 1 exclusively, high viral load in respiratory samples, and viremia have been associated with a clinical picture of acute respiratory illness. There are no studies showing detection of human bocavirus 1 messenger ribonucleic acid in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells as a diagnostic marker for acute lower respiratory tract infection. Case presentation We report the case of a 17-month-old Latvian boy who presented in intensive care unit with acute bilateral bronchiolitis, with a history of rhinorrhea and cough for 6 days and fever for the last 2 days prior to admission, followed by severe respiratory distress and tracheal intubation. Human bocavirus 1 was the only respiratory virus detected by a qualitative multiplex polymerase chain reaction panel. For the diagnosis of acute human bocavirus 1 infection, both molecular and serological approaches were used. Human bocavirus 1 deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was detected simultaneously in nasopharyngeal aspirate, stool, and blood, as well as in the corresponding cell-free blood plasma by qualitative and quantitative polymerase chain reaction, revealing high DNA-copy numbers in nasopharyngeal aspirate and stool. Despite a low-load viremia, human bocavirus 1 messenger ribonucleic acid was found in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells. For detection of human bocavirus 1-specific antibodies, non-competitive immunoglobulin M and competitive immunoglobulin G enzyme immunoassays were used. The plasma was positive for both human bocavirus 1-specific immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G antibodies. Conclusions The presence of human bocavirus 1 genomic DNA in blood plasma and human bocavirus 1 messenger ribonucleic acid in peripheral blood mononuclear cells together with human bocavirus 1-specific immunoglobulin M are markers of acute human bocavirus 1 infection that may cause life-threatening acute bronchiolitis.

show abstract

“…On the other hand many viruses do exhibit similar clinical pictures and cannot be clinically differentiated (Pavia, 2011). Although, the exact clinical picture of acute HBoV1 infection remains to be defined, in several case reports severe and even life-threatening respiratory tract diseases due to HBoV1 in children have been disclosed (Ursic et al, 2011;Körner et al, 2011;Edner et al, 2012;Jula et al, 2013;Ursic et al, 2015;Moesker et al, 2015;Eskola et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the exact clinical picture of an acute HBoV1 infection remains unclear, the most frequently described clinical symptoms of HBoV1-associated infection include fever, cough, rhinitis and wheezing (Jartti et al, 2012;Qui et al, 2017). Several clinical case reports have shown acute HBoV1 infection in life-threatening respiratory tract infections (Körner et al, 2011;Ursic et al, 2011;Edner et al, 2012;Ursic et al, 2015;Eskola et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serodiagnosis of Human Bocavirus 1 Infection among Hospitalised Children with Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in Latvia

Ziemele

Vilmane

et al. 2019

Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Contributed by Modra MurovskaSince its discovery in 2005, human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1) has globally been one of the most common respiratory viruses. It is currently accepted that HBoV1 is a pathogen, causing upper and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in children. However, due to the prolonged HBoV1 DNA shedding from the upper airways and the subsequent high rate of co-detections with other respiratory viruses, the interpretation of positive polymerase chain reaction results is challenging. The aim of this study was to identify acute HBoV1 infections by the presence of HBoV1-specific IgM and IgG measured by competition enzyme immunoassay, to elucidate the induction of Th1/Th2 cytokines, and to describe the clinical characteristics associated with acute HBoV1 infection in hospitalised children less than five years of age with LRTI. HBoV1 IgM was detected in 19/102 (18.6%) and IgG in 66/102 (64.7%) patients. HBoV1 IgM was most frequently found in patients aged 13 to 24 months. Pneumonia and acute wheezing were the most common clinical diagnoses among HBoV1 IgM positive patients. The seroprevalence of HBoV1-specific IgG increased with age, reaching 85% by the age of five years. were observed to be higher in patients with acute HBoV1 infection.

show abstract

Severe Lower Respiratory Tract Infection Caused by Human Bocavirus 1 in an Infant

Cited by 16 publications

References 10 publications

Human Parvovirus Infection of Human Airway Epithelia Induces Pyroptotic Cell Death by Inhibiting Apoptosis

Human Parvovirus Infection of Human Airway Epithelia Induces Pyroptotic Cell Death by Inhibiting Apoptosis

Acute human bocavirus 1 infection in child with life-threatening bilateral bronchiolitis and right-sided pneumonia: a case report

Serodiagnosis of Human Bocavirus 1 Infection among Hospitalised Children with Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in Latvia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About