Severe Isolate of Alfalfa Mosaic Virus and Its Impact on Alfalfa Cultivars Grown in Alberta

Hiruki, C.; Miczyński, Kazimierz

doi:10.1094/pd-71-1014

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Infected seed is of major importance in the epidemiology of alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV), Randomly distributed primary infections result from such seed (e,g, Frosheiser, 1969(e,g, Frosheiser, , 1970Hemmati & McLean, 1977) and subsequent secondary spread by several aphid species (Crill et ai, 1970) often leads to decreases in forage yield (Gibbs, 1962;Tu & Holmes, 1980;Bailiss & Ollennu, 1986) even though the virus does not invariably induce symptoms in lucerne (Jaspars & Bos, 1980;Bailiss & Ollennu, 1986). AMV often reaches a high incidence in lucerne seed (Frosheiser, 1974) but levels may be considerably influenced by virus strain, host cultivar and environmental conditions (Frosheiser, 1974;Hiruki & Miczynski, 1987), The virus is transmitted to lucerne seed via both ovule and pollen (Frosheiser, 1974;Hemmati & McLean, 1977) and virus particles have been observed in anthers, pollen grains, embryonic cotyledons and ovary walls (Wilcoxson et al, 1975) and AMV antigen detected by immunogold labelling in the ovule integuments (but not the embryo sac), pollen grains and tapetum cells of infected flowers (Pesic etal., 1988),…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alfalfa mosaic virus in lucerne seed during seed maturation and storage, and in seedlings

Bailiss

Offei

1990

Plant Pathology

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The incidence of alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) in lucerne seed and pods during maturation, when monitored by sap transmission to Phaseolus (infective virus) and ELISA (AMV antigen), showed that infective virus incidence decreased rapidly with maturation, whereas antigen incidence declined slowly and was always higher than infective virus. Infective virus and antigen incidence were higher in mature seed of cv. Maris Kabul than cv. Europe because virus inactivation/degradation were more rapid in cv. Europe. Seed infection with virus originating from pollen, ovules or both was found in pods and seeds 12–15 days after pollination between healthy or AMV‐infected plants; this was before maturation‐associated virus inactivation. Ovule transmission was more frequent than pollen transmission. AMV antigen was present in embryos and testas of mature seed; infective virus only in embryos. Non‐infective but ELISA‐positive antigen in testa extracts accounted for the higher incidence of ‘seed‐borne AMV’ compared with embryo‐associated seed transmission to seedlings. Tests with dry mature seed either underestimated (infectivity tests) or overestimated (ELISA) eventual seedling infection. Infectivity and ELISA tests gave identical incidence values for 17 to 29‐day‐old seedlings.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alfalfa mosaic virus in lucerne seed during seed maturation and storage, and in seedlings

Bailiss

Offei

1990

Plant Pathology

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“…AMV belongs to the Alfamoviruses genus and is made up of particles that are composed of icosahedral capsids measuring 30–57 nm in length with a diameter of 18 nm. AMV is one of the most biologically variable plant viruses with numerous natural variants having different pathogenicity ( Crill et al, 1970 ; Hajimorad and Francki, 1988 ; Hiruki and Miczynski, 1987 ; Walter et al, 1985). To date, AMV has been recorded throughout North America, England, France, Italy, Greece, Iran, Australia, New Zealand, Egypt and Saudi Arabia (Al-Shahwan and Abdulla, 1998; Al-Shahwan, 2002 ; Cook et al, 1984 ; El-Helaly et al, 2012 ; Massumi and Hosseini Pour1, 2007 ; Sawalha and Mansour, 1996a , b ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Biological and Molecular Variability of Alfalfa mosaic virus Affecting Alfalfa Crop in Riyadh Region

Al-Saleh

Amer

2013

The Plant Pathology Journal

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In 2011–2012, sixty nine samples were collected from alfalfa plants showing viral infection symptoms in Riyadh region. Mechanical inoculation with sap prepared from two collected samples out of twenty five possitive for Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) by ELISA were produced systemic mosaic on Vigna unguiculata and Nicotiana tabacum, local lesion on Chenopodium amaranticolor and C. quinoa. Vicia faba indicator plants that induce mosaic and mottle with AMV-Sagir isolate and no infection with AMV-Wadi aldawasser isolate. Approximately 700-bp was formed by RT-PCR using AMV coat protein specific primer. Samples from infected alfalfa gave positive results, while healthy plant gave negative result using dot blot hybridization assay. The nucleotide sequences of the Saudi isolates were compared with corresponding viral nucleotide sequences reported in GenBank. The obtained results showed that the AMV from Australia, Brazil, Puglia and China had the highest similarity with AMV-Sajer isolate. While, the AMV from Spain and New Zealaland had the lowest similarity with AMV-Sajer and Wadi aldawasser isolates. The data obtained in this study has been deposited in the GenBank under the accession numbers KC434083 and KC434084 for AMV-Sajer and AMV- Wadialdawasser respectively. This is the first report regarding the gnetic make up of AMV in Saudi Arabia.

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“…A nrisera Rabbit polyclonal antibodies to an isolate of BYMV from USA (Hammond & Hammond, 1989) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), Rockville (PVAS-368 4-85), to an isolate of BYMV from The Netherlands (B25: Bos, 1970) (Bos & Maat, 1965) and BBSV (Makkouk et al, 1987) were obtained from Dr L Bos, to AMV from the ATCC (PVAS-92: Hiruki & Miczynski, 1987), and to BCMV and CMV from the ClP Virology Laboratory, Lima, Peru. The antibodies to BYMV, BCMV and AMV were conjugated with alkaline phosphatase (AP) essentially as described by Clark & Adams (1977).…”

Section: I-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance to six viruses in the legume goat's rue {Galega orientalis Lam.)

Valkonen¹

1993

Annals of Applied Biology

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Plants from 2nd to 6th year leys of the legume goat's rue (Galega orientalis Lam.) were tested for infection with bean yellow mosaic (BYMV), bean common mosaic (BCMV), alfalfa mosaic (AMV), broad bean stain (BBSV), red clover mottle (RCMV) and cucumber mosaic (CMV) viruses by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELJSA), electron microscopy, and by sap-inoculation to various test plant species. No virus infections were observed in goat's rue in the field. Glasshouse-grown seedlings of goat's rue were inoculated with the above viruses. No virus was detected in the inoculated plants. The results suggest that goat's rue is extremely resistant to the above six viruses which are important in other forage legumes.

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Severe Isolate of Alfalfa Mosaic Virus and Its Impact on Alfalfa Cultivars Grown in Alberta

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Alfalfa mosaic virus in lucerne seed during seed maturation and storage, and in seedlings

Alfalfa mosaic virus in lucerne seed during seed maturation and storage, and in seedlings

Biological and Molecular Variability of Alfalfa mosaic virus Affecting Alfalfa Crop in Riyadh Region

Resistance to six viruses in the legume goat's rue {Galega orientalis Lam.)

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