Sesamol Loaded Albumin Nanoparticles: A Boosted Protective Property in Animal Models of Oxidative Stress

Abstract

The current study evaluated the ability of sesamol-loaded albumin nanoparticles to impart protection against oxidative stress induced by anthracyclines in comparison to the free drug. Albumin nanoparticles were prepared via the desolvation technique and then freeze-dried with the cryoprotectant, trehalose. Albumin concentration, pH, and type of desolvating agent were assessed as determining factors for successful albumin nanoparticle fabrication. The optimal nanoparticles were spherical in shape, and they had an average particle diameter of 127.24 ± 2.12 nm with a sesamol payload of 96.89 ± 2.4 μg/mg. The drug cellular protection was tested on rat hepatocytes pretreated with 1 µM doxorubicin, which showed a 1.2-fold higher protective activity than the free sesamol. In a pharmacokinetic study, the loading of a drug onto nanoparticles resulted in a longer half-life and mean residence time, as compared to the free drug. Furthermore, in vivo efficacy and biochemical assessment of lipid peroxidation, cardiac biomarkers, and liver enzymes were significantly ameliorated after administration of the sesamol-loaded albumin nanoparticles. The biochemical assessments were also corroborated with the histopathological examination data. Sesamol-loaded albumin nanoparticles, prepared under controlled conditions, may provide an enhanced protective effect against off-target doxorubicin toxicity.

Coenzyme Q10-Loaded Albumin Nanoparticles Protect against Redox Imbalance and Inflammatory, Apoptotic, and Histopathological Alterations in Mercuric Chloride-Induced Hepatorenal Toxicity in Rats

“…Both the direct and indirect antioxidant effects of serum albumin have been demonstrated. It works directly as a free radical scavenger because the free thiol groups in the Cys-34 residue are frequently able to trap various types of ROS and the presence of six easily oxidized methionine groups [77]. Serum albumin can also have an indirect effect by binding to free metals like iron and copper that promote the generation of aggressive ROS and bilirubin, which inhibits lipid peroxidation [78].…”

Impact of Saussurea lappa root extract against copper oxide nanoparticles induced oxidative stress and toxicity in rat cardiac tissues

“…Phytochemicals are a powerful group of compounds, belonging to secondary metabolites of plants and including a diverse range of chemical entities such as polyphenols, flavonoids, steroidal saponins, organosulfur compounds, and vitamins. Many exogenous antioxidants play a crucial role in antioxidant mechanisms 36–40 . Oxidative stress happens in body when the production of oxidants exceeds the antioxidant capacity of body system and plays a role in pathogenesis of several chronic diseases such as diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases.…”

“…Phytochemicals are a powerful group of compounds, belonging to secondary metabolites of plants and including a diverse range of chemical entities such as polyphenols, flavonoids, steroidal saponins, organosulfur compounds, and vitamins. Many exogenous antioxidants play a crucial role in antioxidant mechanisms [36][37][38][39][40]. Oxidative stress…”

Formulation Strategies for Enhancing Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Potential of Sesamol: A Natural Phenolic Bioactive

“…Moreover, sesamol stability and pharmacokinetics were enhanced. The research team also found enhanced efficacy and biochemical assessment of formulation against cardiac biomarkers, lipid peroxidation, and liver enzymes [102].…”