“…PON1 catalyzes the breakdown of organophosphates (Jakubowski, 2000;Josse et al, 2001) and also hydrolyzes homocysteine thio-lactone, which can harm some proteins by homocysteinylation. Reduced PON1 activities have been reported in cardiovascular diseases (McElveen et al, 1986;Navab et al, 1997), diabetes mellitus (Abbott et al, 1995;Mackness et al, 1998;Sakai et al, 1998), chronic renal failure (Dantoine et al, 1998), rheumatoid arthritis (Baskol et al, 2005), hyperthyroidism (Raiszadeh et al, 2004), age-related macular degeneration (Baskol et al, 2006) and in cataract (Hashim and Zarina, 2007).…”